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The microbiome and cancer.

Robert F Schwabe1, Christian Jobin

  • 1Department of Medicine, and Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York 10032, USA.

Nature Reviews. Cancer
|October 18, 2013
PubMed
Summary

The human microbiome plays a crucial role in health and disease. This article explores the link between the bacterial microbiota and cancer, focusing on prevention strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The human body hosts a complex microbiota essential for symbiotic relationships and host health.
  • Disruptions in host-microbe interactions or microbiome alterations can lead to disease.
  • Growing evidence implicates the bacterial microbiota in the development of cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the intricate links between the bacterial microbiota and cancer.
  • To highlight the role of the microbiome in carcinogenesis.
  • To explore strategies for cancer prevention by targeting the microbiome.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on microbiota and cancer.
  • Discussion of key mechanisms including immune responses, dysbiosis, genotoxicity, and metabolism.

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  • Synthesis of information regarding microbiome-based cancer prevention.

    • Main Results:

    • The bacterial microbiota influences cancer development through various pathways.
    • Dysbiosis, genotoxicity, and altered metabolism are linked to increased cancer risk.
    • Immune responses are significantly modulated by the gut microbiome in the context of cancer.

    Conclusions:

    • Targeting the microbiome offers promising avenues for cancer prevention.
    • Understanding the microbiota-cancer axis is crucial for developing novel therapeutic and preventive strategies.
    • Maintaining a healthy microbiome may be key to reducing cancer incidence.