Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 6, 2026
06:04
Author Spotlight: Assessing the Cardiovascular Profile of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Published on: September 27, 2024
1.7K
Pulse pressure and subclinical peripheral artery disease
P Korhonen1, H Kautiainen2, P Aarnio3
11] Satakunta Hospital District, Pori, Finland [2] Institute of Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland [3] Department of Internal Medicine, Central Satakunta Health Federation of Municipalities, Harjavalta, Finland.
Journal of Human Hypertension
|October 18, 2013
Summary
Ankle-brachial index (ABI) screening effectively identifies peripheral artery disease (PAD) risk. Current smoking and higher pulse pressure are key indicators for ABI measurement in high-risk individuals.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Vascular Health
- Diagnostic Tools
Background:
- Peripheral artery disease (PAD) and systemic atherosclerosis are significant cardiovascular risk factors.
- Early detection through Ankle-brachial Index (ABI) measurement aids in identifying high-risk individuals for preventive strategies.
- Asymptomatic individuals with high cardiovascular risk require practical diagnostic criteria.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the most practical criteria for Ankle-brachial Index (ABI) measurement in high-risk, asymptomatic subjects.
- To assess the prevalence of PAD and borderline PAD in this population.
- To identify factors associated with low ABI values.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 972 asymptomatic, middle-aged subjects with high cardiovascular risk but no diagnosed cardiovascular disease or diabetes.
- ABI measurement was used to define PAD (ABI ≤ 0.90) and borderline PAD (0.91-1.00).
- Multivariate analysis was employed to identify factors associated with low ABI.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of PAD was 5%, and borderline PAD was 20% in the study cohort.
- Female gender, current smoking, and increased pulse pressure were significantly associated with lower ABI.
- Specifically, current smoking (OR 2.14) and pulse pressure (OR 1.03 per 1 mmHg increase) showed a strong association with low ABI.
Conclusions:
- Ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurement is a valuable tool for early PAD detection in high-risk populations.
- Targeting ABI measurement in current smokers and individuals with pulse pressure >65 mmHg appears clinically practical and beneficial.
- These findings support the utility of ABI screening for cardiovascular risk stratification.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:21Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation
773
Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
773
01:17Measurement of Blood Pressure
4.0K
Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a...
4.0K
01:30Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction
663
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
663
01:16Pulse
2.5K
When the heart pumps blood out, arterial elastic fibers play a crucial role in sustaining a high-pressure gradient. They expand to accommodate the received blood and then recoil - a process known as the pulse that can be either manually palpated or electronically quantified. Despite a reduction in its effect with increased distance from the heart, elements of the pulse's systolic and diastolic components persist, observable even at the arteriole level.
The pulse serves as a clinical...
The pulse serves as a clinical...
2.5K
01:21Sites for measuring blood pressure
3.9K
Blood pressure measurement is a fundamental clinical procedure, providing crucial data for assessing cardiovascular health. Among the various sites for this measurement, the brachial and popliteal arteries are predominantly utilized due to their accessibility and the reliability of their readings. This lesson delves into the anatomical significance, methodology, and considerations of measuring blood pressure at these locations.
The Brachial Artery: Primary Site for Blood Pressure Measurement
The Brachial Artery: Primary Site for Blood Pressure Measurement
3.9K
01:24Blood Pressure
12.6K
The movement of blood in a human body, commonly referred to as blood flow, is determined by the volume of blood that traverses a certain section of the bodily system per unit time. It is the rhythmic contraction of the heart's ventricles that primarily instigates this movement. As the ventricles contract, blood is forced into the prominent arteries, which then flow from areas of greater pressure to lower pressure areas. This movement continues into smaller arteries and arterioles and...
12.6K