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Diacylated lipopeptide from Mycoplasma synoviae mediates TLR15 induced innate immune responses

Irena Oven, Katarina Resman Rus, Daliborka Dušanić

  • 1Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, SI-1230 DomŽale, Slovenia. mojca.narat@bf.uni-lj.si.

Veterinary Research
|October 19, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Chicken toll-like receptor 15 (TLR15) plays a key role in recognizing avian mycoplasmas. This innate immune receptor is crucial for nitric oxide production in response to Mycoplasma synoviae.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Avian Biology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Avian-specific toll-like receptor 15 (TLR15) is part of the innate immune system, similar to mammalian TLR2 family proteins.
  • TLR2 family proteins recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns, such as bacterial lipoproteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of chicken TLR2 family members in the innate immune response to Mycoplasma synoviae.
  • To determine if TLR15 is involved in recognizing Mycoplasma synoviae and its components.

Main Methods:

  • Chicken macrophages and chondrocytes were stimulated with Mycoplasma synoviae and its N-terminal diacylated lipopeptide (MDLP).
  • Gene expression of TLR15, TLR1, and TLR2 was analyzed.
  • Nuclear factor kappa B activation and nitric oxide production were measured.
  • Small interfering RNA was used to reduce TLR15 expression.
  • Neutralizing anti-TLR15 antibody was used to block TLR15 function.

Main Results:

  • Mycoplasma synoviae and MDLP specifically induced TLR15 expression, not TLR1 or TLR2.
  • TLR15 activation required diacylation of the lipopeptide.
  • Stimulation led to increased nuclear factor kappa B and nitric oxide production.
  • Reduced TLR15 expression decreased nitric oxide production.
  • Blocking TLR15 attenuated MDLP-induced nitric oxide release.

Conclusions:

  • Chicken TLR15 is a key receptor for recognizing Mycoplasma synoviae.
  • TLR15 activation by diacylated lipopeptides stimulates innate immune responses, including nitric oxide production.
  • TLR15 may be a crucial component in the chicken's defense against avian mycoplasmas.

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