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Splenic infarction in a child with primary Epstein-Barr virus infection

Mi Hyeon Gang1, Jae Young Kim

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.

Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
|October 19, 2013
PubMed

Insights

A healthy child developed splenic infarction after Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Transient deficiencies in protein C and S may cause hypercoagulability, leading to this splenic complication.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, commonly known as infectious mononucleosis, can present with various complications.
  • Splenic infarction is a rare but serious complication, particularly in pediatric cases.

Observation:

  • A previously healthy 7-year-old girl presented with abdominal pain and was diagnosed with primary EBV infection.
  • She exhibited abnormal liver function and mild splenomegaly.
  • Coagulation tests revealed transiently low plasma activity of protein C (49%) and protein S (47%).

Findings:

  • The patient developed splenic infarction shortly after the onset of EBV infection.
  • The low levels of protein C and S normalized within three weeks.
  • This suggests a potential link between EBV infection and temporary deficiencies in these coagulation factors.

Implications:

  • Transient deficiencies in protein C and S may lead to a hypercoagulable state.
  • This hypercoagulability could be a contributing factor in the development of splenic infarction during infectious mononucleosis.
  • Highlights the importance of considering coagulation abnormalities in pediatric patients with EBV and abdominal symptoms.

Keywords:
Epstein-Barr virus infectionprotein C and protein Ssplenic infarction

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