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Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) control in India.
Chandrakant S Pandav1, Kapil Yadav, Rahul Srivastava
1Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
The Indian Journal of Medical Research
|October 19, 2013
Summary
Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) cause preventable brain damage globally. In India, despite salt iodization efforts, millions remain at risk due to inadequate consumption of iodized salt.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Nutrition Science
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) are a leading cause of preventable brain damage worldwide.
- India's population is highly susceptible to IDD due to iodine-poor soil affecting food sources.
- Salt iodization is the primary strategy to combat IDD, yet significant coverage gaps persist.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the current status of iodine deficiency disorder control in India.
- To identify challenges and recommend strategies for sustainable IDD elimination.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of national survey data on iodized salt consumption and IDD prevalence.
- Review of existing IDD control policies and implementation gaps.
Main Results:
- 263 out of 325 surveyed districts in India are IDD-endemic.
- 91% household iodized salt coverage, but only 71% consume adequately iodized salt.
- An estimated 350 million people remain at risk for IDD.
Conclusions:
- A coordinated 'mission approach' is crucial for effective IDD control.
- Key strategies include policy mainstreaming, state-specific plans, strict FSS Act implementation, addressing coverage inequities, and strengthening monitoring and evaluation.
- Sustainable elimination of IDD requires integrated efforts and policy commitment.
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