Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Interference and Decay01:16

Interference and Decay

628
Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
628
Eyewitness Memory01:22

Eyewitness Memory

647
Eyewitness memory refers to the recollection of events by someone who has directly witnessed them, often serving as critical evidence in legal settings. This type of memory is commonly used in criminal cases where a witness describes details like a suspect's appearance, clothing, or behavior during a crime. However, despite its perceived reliability, eyewitness memory is prone to significant errors.
One such error is memory distortion, which occurs because human memory does not function...
647
Forgetting01:21

Forgetting

551
Forgetting is an intrinsic aspect of human memory, characterized by the gradual loss or inaccessibility of information over time. Hermann Ebbinghaus, a pioneering psychologist, extensively studied this phenomenon and formulated the forgetting curve. This curve illustrates that memory loss occurs rapidly immediately after learning and then decelerates over time. Several mechanisms contribute to forgetting, including encoding failure, storage decay, retrieval failure, and interference.
Encoding...
551
False Memories01:18

False Memories

711
False memories represent a cognitive distortion in which individuals recall events that did not happen, or remember them in an altered form. This phenomenon highlights the brain's constructive nature in processing and recalling memories, emphasizing that memory is not a perfect representation of past events but rather a dynamic reconstruction influenced by various factors.
One primary source of false memories is misattribution, where individuals incorrectly associate external information...
711
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

2.2K
Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
2.2K
Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

2.0K
The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
2.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

m-DASC: Measuring Subjective Effects of Very Low Doses of Psychedelic Drugs.

Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Development of the MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy Side Effects Tool (M-SET): a Delphi study.

BMJ open·2026
Same author

Context reinstatement increases true and false recognition of associated words: Evidence from the Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM) illusion.

Memory & cognition·2026
Same author

Acute and delayed effects of THC on memories of stress in healthy adults.

Psychopharmacology·2026
Same author

Effects of Psilocybin on Religious and Spiritual Attitudes and Behaviors in Clergy from Various Major World Religions, by Griffiths et al.

Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Co-Use of Alcohol and Cannabis: How Are They Related?

The American journal of psychiatry·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
11:01

Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: August 30, 2011

12.6K

Amphetamine increases errors during episodic memory retrieval.

Michael Edward Ballard1, David A Gallo, Harriet de Wit

  • 1From the Departments of *Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, and †Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.

Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology
|October 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stimulant medications like dextroamphetamine (AMP) did not improve memory recall in healthy adults. However, AMP increased memory errors, including false recognition and intrusions, suggesting potential for abuse.

More Related Videos

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
07:59

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory

Published on: June 14, 2019

10.3K
A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
09:13

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

10.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
11:01

Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: August 30, 2011

12.6K
Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
07:59

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory

Published on: June 14, 2019

10.3K
A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
09:13

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

10.9K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychopharmacology

Background:

  • Stimulant drugs enhance memory encoding and consolidation.
  • Effects of stimulants on human memory retrieval are less understood.
  • Animal studies suggest improved retrieval of emotional memories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of dextroamphetamine (AMP) on emotional and unemotional memory retrieval in humans.
  • To determine if AMP influences recall accuracy and error rates.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy adults (n=31) received placebo, 10 mg, or 20 mg dextroamphetamine (AMP) in a double-blind, counterbalanced design.
  • Participants viewed emotional and unemotional stimuli.
  • Memory retrieval was tested 2 days after encoding, 1 hour post-drug administration.

Main Results:

  • Dextroamphetamine (AMP) did not alter the number of correctly recalled stimuli.
  • Both AMP doses significantly increased recall intrusions and false recognition.
  • Higher AMP dose (20 mg) increased positively biased recall descriptions.

Conclusions:

  • Therapeutic doses of dextroamphetamine (AMP) can impair memory retrieval accuracy in healthy adults.
  • AMP increases memory retrieval errors, including false memories.
  • AMP's potential to positively bias recollection may contribute to its abuse liability.