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German urologists under national socialism
1Institut für Geschichte, Theorie und Ethik der Medizin, Medizinische Fakultät der RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany, mkrischel@ukaachen.de.
World Journal of Urology
|October 19, 2013
Summary
German urologists advanced their careers and specialty under Nazi rule by supporting racial policies, leading to the exclusion and persecution of Jewish colleagues. This historical compromise is now a subject of professional debate.
Area of Science:
- Medical History
- Urology
- Nazi Germany
Background:
- The establishment of the first urology professorship in Germany coincided with Nazi racial laws forcing out Jewish physicians.
- Nearly one-third of urologists were classified as
Discussion:
- German urologists leveraged the political climate for professional gain, often disregarding ethical principles.
- The specialty advanced at the expense of patient welfare and persecuted colleagues.
- Participation in compulsory sterilization programs under the Nazi regime.
Key Insights:
- Urology in Nazi Germany saw professionalization linked to adherence to Nazi health and race policies.
- University positions and greater autonomy from surgery were gained by German urologists.
- Jewish urologists faced persecution, forced emigration, suicide, or murder.
Outlook:
- Recent years have seen a growing debate within the German urology community regarding this historical period.
- Reckoning with the past is crucial for the ethical evolution of the medical profession.
- Understanding historical compromises informs contemporary medical ethics and professional responsibility.
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