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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

3.2K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

12.6K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
12.6K
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

13.7K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
13.7K
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

7.1K
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
7.1K
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

65.0K
Overview
65.0K
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

2.4K
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase G6PI-Induced RA Mice
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Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase G6PI-Induced RA Mice

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Regulatory T cells in AKI.

Gilbert R Kinsey1, Rahul Sharma, Mark D Okusa

  • 1Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN
|October 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Regulatory T cells protect the kidney in acute kidney injury (AKI) by reducing inflammation. Targeting these cells offers a promising therapeutic strategy for AKI treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) involves kidney inflammation and immune cell infiltration.
  • Animal models demonstrate that leukocyte activation and kidney infiltration cause AKI after ischemia-reperfusion.
  • Inhibiting pro-inflammatory leukocyte trafficking improves renal function and integrity in AKI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role and mechanisms of regulatory T cells in AKI.
  • To explore regulatory T cells as a potential therapeutic target for AKI.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent insights into regulatory T cells and AKI.
  • Analysis of mechanisms underlying regulatory T cell function in kidney injury.

Main Results:

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Regulatory T cells: Therapeutic Potential for Treating Transplant Rejection and Type I Diabetes
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Regulatory T cells: Therapeutic Potential for Treating Transplant Rejection and Type I Diabetes

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Phenotypic and Functional Analysis of Activated Regulatory T Cells Isolated from Chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus-infected Mice
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Phenotypic and Functional Analysis of Activated Regulatory T Cells Isolated from Chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus-infected Mice

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Regulatory T cells: Therapeutic Potential for Treating Transplant Rejection and Type I Diabetes
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Regulatory T cells: Therapeutic Potential for Treating Transplant Rejection and Type I Diabetes

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Phenotypic and Functional Analysis of Activated Regulatory T Cells Isolated from Chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus-infected Mice
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Phenotypic and Functional Analysis of Activated Regulatory T Cells Isolated from Chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus-infected Mice

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  • Regulatory T cells possess intrinsic renal-protective functions in AKI.
  • These cells modulate inflammation and immune cell accumulation in the kidney.

Conclusions:

  • Regulatory T cells play a crucial role in mitigating AKI.
  • Targeting regulatory T cells presents a novel therapeutic avenue for AKI management.