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Related Concept Videos

Inequalities01:28

Inequalities

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Inequalities express mathematical relationships where two values are not equal and are compared using symbols such as <, >, ≤, or ≥. These expressions define a range of possible solutions rather than a single value. Interval notation provides a concise way to express these solution sets, especially when the variable spans a continuous range. An open interval, written as (a, b), excludes the endpoints, while a closed interval [a, b] includes them. There are also half-open...
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Sign Test for Median of Single Population01:20

Sign Test for Median of Single Population

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In general, the sign test serves as a nonparametric method to test hypotheses about the median of a single population when the data does not follow a known distribution. This simplicity makes it particularly useful for small sample sizes or when the assumptions of parametric tests cannot be met. The process begins with identifying a null hypothesis, typically stating that the population median equals a specific value. The alternative hypothesis could be that the median is either not equal to,...
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Absolute Value Inequalities01:23

Absolute Value Inequalities

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The absolute value is a mathematical tool that represents the distance of a number from zero on the number line, regardless of its sign. In the context of inequalities, absolute value expressions help define a range of permissible values or boundaries for a variable. These inequalities are commonly used in scientific modeling and data interpretation, where variability within or beyond a certain threshold must be captured precisely.An absolute value inequality of the form ∣x∣ ≤...
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Application of Nonlinear Inequalities01:29

Application of Nonlinear Inequalities

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A nonlinear inequality describes a comparison involving an expression that curves or behaves more complexly than a straight line. These inequalities often appear in forms that include squares, products, or variables in the denominator.To solve such an inequality, one starts by rewriting it so that zero appears on one side. For example, the inequality:  can be factored as: This form makes it easier to identify the values that cause the expression to equal zero. In this case, the...
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A percentile indicates the relative standing of a data value when data are sorted into numerical order from smallest to largest. It represents the percentages of data values that are less than or equal to the pth percentile. For example, 15% of data values are less than or equal to the 15th percentile. Low percentiles always correspond to lower data values. High percentiles always correspond to higher data values.Percentiles divide ordered data into hundredths. To score in the...
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Consider a curve representing sample data drawn randomly from a normally distributed population. One must construct confidence intervals to estimate or to test a claim regarding the population standard deviation. For example, a 95% confidence interval covers 95% of the area under the curve, and the remaining 5% is equally distributed on either side of the curve. To achieve such confidence intervals, one must determine the critical values. The critical values are simply the values separating the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Neurogenesis Using P19 Embryonal Carcinoma Cells
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Neurogenesis Using P19 Embryonal Carcinoma Cells

Published on: April 27, 2019

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When 19 is greater than 92.

Lauren R Zeitels1, Joshua T Mendell

  • 1is in the Medical Scientist Training Program , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , United States lzeitel1@jhmi.edu.

Elife
|October 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary

The miR-17-92 gene produces microRNAs that can promote cancer. However, one specific microRNA acts as a brake, counteracting the cancer-promoting effects in certain situations.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • The miR-17-92 gene cluster is known to be dysregulated in various human cancers.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and play critical roles in cellular processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dual role of the miR-17-92 gene cluster in cancer development.
  • To identify the specific microRNA within the cluster that acts as a tumor suppressor.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatic analysis of cancer gene expression data.
  • In vitro functional assays using cancer cell lines.
  • In vivo studies in animal models of cancer.

Main Results:

  • The miR-17-92 cluster contains oncogenic miRNAs that drive tumor growth.
Keywords:
Eμ-myc lymphomaMouseapoptosisc-MycmicroRNAsp53

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  • One miRNA, miR-17, functions as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting the oncogenic activity of other cluster members.
  • This regulatory mechanism is context-dependent and observed in specific cancer types.

    • Conclusions:

    • The miR-17-92 gene cluster has a complex role in cancer, with both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive microRNAs.
    • Targeting specific miRNAs within the cluster may offer novel therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.