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Updated: May 6, 2026

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
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Should the mini-mental state examination be retired?

C Carnero-Pardo1

  • 1Unidad de Neurología Cognitivo-Conductual, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, España; FIDYAN Neurocenter, Granada, España.

Neurologia (Barcelona, Spain)
|October 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary

The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a widely used cognitive screening tool but has significant limitations. Newer, more accurate, and accessible tests are now recommended for detecting cognitive impairment and dementia.

Keywords:
Abbreviated cognitive evaluationCognitive impairmentDemenciaDementiaDeterioro cognitivoEvaluación cognitiva abreviadaMini-MentalScreening testShort cognitive testTest cognitivos brevesTest de cribado

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Geriatrics
  • Psychometry

Background:

  • Short cognitive tests are crucial for screening cognitive impairment and dementia in clinical practice.
  • The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) has been a historically significant tool, widely used with extensive supporting evidence.
  • However, the MMSE suffers from limitations including lack of standardization, bias against illiterate individuals, socio-educational influences, and limited diagnostic accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the limitations of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).
  • To highlight the advantages of newer cognitive assessment instruments.
  • To advocate for the replacement of the MMSE with more effective and equitable tools.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and its historical context.
  • Comparison of MMSE limitations with the characteristics of newer cognitive assessment tools.
  • Analysis of diagnostic accuracy, applicability, and cost-effectiveness.

Main Results:

  • The MMSE exhibits significant shortcomings, including lack of standardization and suitability for all populations.
  • Newer instruments demonstrate superior diagnostic accuracy for cognitive impairment and dementia.
  • Alternative tests are more cost-effective, user-friendly, and equitable.

Conclusions:

  • The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) has served its historical purpose but should be retired.
  • More effective, accessible, and equitable cognitive screening tools are available and recommended.
  • Transitioning to newer instruments will improve the detection and management of cognitive impairment and dementia.