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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

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Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
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Updated: May 6, 2026

Three Different Protocols of Corneal Collagen Crosslinking in Keratoconus: Conventional, Accelerated and Iontophoresis
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Keratoconus: current perspectives.

Jayesh Vazirani1, Sayan Basu

  • 1Cornea and Anterior Segment Services, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.

Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)
|October 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent advances offer new hope for keratoconus (progressive corneal disease) patients. Advanced imaging and treatments like collagen crosslinking show promise in improving vision and altering the disease

Keywords:
collagen cross-linkingcontact lensescorneal topographyhydropskeratoconuskeratoplasty

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Corneal Diseases
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Keratoconus involves progressive corneal protrusion and thinning, causing irregular astigmatism and vision loss.
  • The exact causes and disease mechanisms of keratoconus remain unclear.
  • Despite this, significant progress has been made in early detection and visual correction strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advanced imaging techniques for keratoconus diagnosis.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of emerging therapeutic strategies for keratoconus.
  • To analyze evidence supporting new treatments that could favorably alter the disease's natural progression.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of advanced imaging in keratoconus.
  • Analysis of evidence for various therapeutic interventions.
  • Evaluation of treatments including contact lenses, collagen crosslinking, keratoplasty, and refractive surgery.

Main Results:

  • Advanced imaging techniques are crucial for early and accurate keratoconus diagnosis.
  • Therapeutic advances, including collagen crosslinking and lamellar keratoplasty, show significant promise.
  • Newer contact lens designs and surgical options offer improved visual correction.

Conclusions:

  • The past two decades have yielded significant advancements in managing keratoconus.
  • Early detection via advanced imaging combined with novel treatments offers a favorable outlook.
  • These developments have the potential to fundamentally change the management and prognosis of keratoconus.