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Recent patterns in population-based HIV prevalence in Swaziland.
George T Bicego1, Rejoice Nkambule, Ingrid Peterson
1Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Mbabane, Swaziland.
Plos One
|October 22, 2013
Summary
Overall HIV prevalence in Swaziland remained stable from 2006-2011. While survival improved, HIV status awareness and ART access remain low, indicating a need for better HIV prevention and care services.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- HIV/AIDS Research
Background:
- The 2011 Swaziland HIV Incidence Measurement Survey (SHIMS) assessed key HIV prevention programs.
- This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of national HIV prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare HIV prevalence in Swaziland between 2006-2007 and 2011.
- To assess HIV service utilization and awareness among the Swazi population.
- To identify areas for improvement in HIV prevention and care.
Main Methods:
- A population-based survey (SHIMS 2011) involving randomly selected households.
- HIV testing and counseling for consenting adults aged 18-49.
- Comparison of 2011 HIV prevalence data with 2006-2007 Swaziland Demographic and Health Survey data.
Main Results:
- Overall adult HIV prevalence (18-49 years) remained stable at 31-32% between 2006-2011.
- Prevalence was higher in women (39%) than men (24%), with shifts towards older age groups.
- 38% of HIV-infected individuals were unaware of their status, with lower awareness in men (50%) vs. women (31%).
- Antiretroviral therapy (ART) use was higher among aware men (63%) than women (49%).
Conclusions:
- Age-specific trends suggest improved survival and reduced new HIV infections.
- HIV status awareness and ART service uptake have increased but remain insufficient.
- Opportunities exist to enhance both HIV preventive interventions and patient care services in Swaziland.
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