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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
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HLA-E restricted CD8+ T cell subsets are phenotypically altered in multiple sclerosis patients.

Kim Pannemans1, Bieke Broux1, An Goris2

  • 1Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Belgium.

Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
|October 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Human leukocyte antigen-E (HLA-E) restricted CD8(+) T cells may regulate autoimmune responses in multiple sclerosis (MS). Altered HLA-E expression and function in MS patients suggest a potential role in disease pathogenesis.

Keywords:
CD8+ T cellsHLA-EMultiple sclerosisautoreactive T cellscytotoxic T cellspolymorphismsregulatory T cells

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroimmunology

Background:

  • Qa-1 restricted CD8(+) T cells regulate autoimmune responses in animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • The human equivalent, HLA-E restricted CD8(+) T cells, are hypothesized to play a similar role in humans with MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of HLA-E restricted CD8(+) T cells in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • To examine HLA-E expression and T cell phenotypes in MS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Genotyping for HLA-E polymorphisms in MS patients and healthy controls.
  • Flow cytometry to assess HLA-E expression and T cell phenotypes.
  • Immunohistochemistry to examine HLA-E expression in the central nervous system (CNS) of MS patients.

Main Results:

  • HLA-E is upregulated on activated immune cells, with polymorphism-dependent kinetics.
  • Enhanced HLA-E expression observed on T and B cells in MS lesions.
  • MS patients show altered NKG2C(+)CD8(+) T cell Foxp3 expression and increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production by NKG2A(+)CD8(+) T cells.

Conclusions:

  • The HLA-E system is altered in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • HLA-E restricted CD8(+) T cells may play a regulatory role in MS pathogenesis.