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Related Concept Videos

Formation of Complex Ions03:45

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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Use of Autometallography to Localize and Semi-Quantify Silver in Cetacean Tissues
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Modeling nanosilver transformations in freshwater sediments.

Amy L Dale1, Gregory V Lowry, Elizabeth A Casman

  • 1Center for Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT).

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|October 24, 2013
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) transform into persistent silver sulfide (Ag2S) in freshwater sediments, accumulating downstream. Their environmental persistence and silver ion release depend on sediment conditions like oxygen and organic carbon availability.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Geochemistry

Background:

  • Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in consumer products for their antibacterial properties.
  • Release of AgNPs into aquatic environments raises concerns about their environmental fate and toxicity.
  • Understanding AgNP transformation in sediments is crucial for assessing ecological risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a diagenetic model predicting AgNP distribution and silver speciation in freshwater sediments.
  • To assess the impact of AgNP transformations on silver persistence and ion release.
  • To evaluate the influence of environmental factors on AgNP fate.

Main Methods:

  • A one-dimensional diagenetic model was developed.
  • The model was calibrated using data from large-scale freshwater wetland mesocosms dosed with AgNPs.
  • Simulations explored AgNP behavior under varying environmental conditions.

Main Results:

  • AgNP sulfidation to silver sulfide (Ag2S) was predicted to retard oxidation and ion release.
  • Ag2S-coated AgNPs are expected to persist and accumulate in downstream sediments.
  • Silver speciation and persistence are influenced by organic carbon and dissolved oxygen availability.
  • AgNP half-life in sediments can range from less than a decade to over a century.
  • No significant difference in speciation was observed between 50% and 100% Ag2S AgNPs.

Conclusions:

  • AgNP transformation to Ag2S significantly impacts their environmental persistence.
  • Sediment conditions, particularly redox and organic matter, control AgNP fate and silver ion release.
  • Eutrophic systems may reduce toxic silver ion formation, while oligotrophic systems maximize it.