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Longitudinal Research

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Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
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Scale development for measuring and predicting adolescents' leisure time physical activity behavior.

Francis Ries1, Santiago Romero Granados, Silvia Arribas Galarraga

  • 1Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Seville , Seville, Spain.

Journal of Sports Science & Medicine
|October 24, 2013
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Summary

This study developed a reliable scale to assess physical activity behavior in adolescents across Spain and Luxembourg, using the Theory of Planned Behavior. The validated questionnaire shows consistent results across cultures, aiding future research and interventions.

Keywords:
Psychologyassessmentbehaviorphysical activity.public health

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Science
  • Health Psychology
  • Cross-Cultural Psychology

Background:

  • Adolescent physical activity is crucial for long-term health.
  • Understanding the psychological determinants of physical activity is essential for effective interventions.
  • Cross-cultural validation of assessment tools is needed to ensure generalizability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a scale for assessing physical activity behavior in adolescents.
  • To utilize the Theory of Planned Behavior as a framework for scale development.
  • To ensure the scale's reliability and validity in cross-cultural contexts (Spain and Luxembourg).

Main Methods:

  • A scale was developed based on the Theory of Planned Behavior.
  • Data were collected from 613 Spanish and 752 Luxembourgish adolescents.
  • Exploratory factor analysis, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability were used for validation.

Main Results:

  • An identical five-factor structure was identified in both Spanish and Luxembourgish samples.
  • The scale demonstrated high internal consistency (α = 0.735–0.952) and time stability.
  • Factors included perceived physical competence, parents' physical activity, perceived resources support, attitude toward physical activity, and perceived parental support.

Conclusions:

  • The developed questionnaire is adequate for assessing Theory of Planned Behavior constructs related to physical activity in adolescents in Spain and Luxembourg.
  • The findings suggest the scale's utility in cross-cultural research on physical activity behavior.
  • Revising item format and using Likert scales significantly improved subscale reliability.