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Related Concept Videos

Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management01:28

Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management

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Pleural Effusion Overview
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Pleural Effusion I: Introduction01:25

Pleural Effusion I: Introduction

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Pleural effusion is an abnormal fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, a narrow space between the lungs and the chest wall. It is not a disease per se but rather a symptom or indication of an underlying disease. In normal circumstances, this space contains a small amount of fluid (5 to 15 mL), a lubricant facilitating the non-frictional movement of the pleural surfaces.
There are two main types of pleural effusion: transudative and exudative. They are differentiated using Light's...
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Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description01:30

Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description

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The pleura is a vital part of the respiratory system. It's a double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity. The two layers of the pleura are:
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Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Palpation01:24

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Palpation

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Physical assessment of the respiratory tract is critical in identifying potential health issues. One key component of this assessment is palpation, a technique healthcare providers use to assess the body for abnormalities. This content explores the method of palpation in evaluating the respiratory tract, focusing on thoracic palpation and tactile fremitus.
Thoracic Palpation
Thoracic palpation detects tenderness, masses, lesions, respiratory excursions, and vocal fremitus. The nurse assesses...
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Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation01:31

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation

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In assessing respiratory abnormalities, palpation and auscultation are critical tools for detecting and interpreting various pathophysiological changes. These techniques provide insight into underlying disorders by evaluating tactile sensations and sounds produced by the respiratory system.
Palpation Findings
During a respiratory assessment, palpation can reveal several vital abnormalities:
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Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis01:26

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis

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Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
Description
Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...
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Related Experiment Video

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Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition
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Diagnosing malignant pleural effusions: how do we compare?

Ming Han Lim1, Jeffrey Garrettc, Lydia Mowlem

  • 1Auckland City Hospital, 2 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand. lmhan88@hotmail.com.

The New Zealand Medical Journal
|October 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pleural fluid cytology has a diagnostic yield comparable to other studies for malignant pleural effusion (MPE). Negative cytology results and diagnostic uncertainty, not turnaround time, impact hospital stay, suggesting improved diagnostic algorithms are needed.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pulmonology
  • Cytopathology

Background:

  • Accurate and prompt diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is crucial for timely patient management.
  • Patients with suspected MPE often experience prolonged waiting periods for diagnostic confirmation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic yield of pleural fluid cytology for MPE at Middlemore Hospital (MMH).
  • To assess the turnaround time for cytology results and its impact on patient length of stay (ALOS).
  • To determine if pleural fluid volume influences diagnostic yield.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective audit of 36 consecutive patients with malignancy-proven pleural effusion at MMH.
  • Data collected from hospital medical records and Web Eclair databases.
  • Analysis of pleural fluid cytology results, turnaround times, and patient length of stay.

Main Results:

  • Pleural fluid cytology yielded a positive diagnosis in 54.8% of patients.
  • Median cytology turnaround time was 6.72 days; average length of stay was 7.78 days.
  • Larger fluid sample volumes (>50mL) showed a trend towards higher diagnostic yield, though not statistically significant.

Conclusions:

  • The diagnostic yield of pleural fluid cytology at MMH is comparable to existing literature.
  • Negative initial cytology and diagnostic uncertainty, rather than cytology turnaround time, appear to influence ALOS.
  • An optimized diagnostic and treatment pathway, potentially incorporating Day Stay services, is recommended for MPE management.