Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Seed Plants

Introduction to Seed Plants

Most plants are seed plants—characterized by seeds, pollen, and reduced gametophytes. Seed plants include gymnosperms and angiosperms.

Non-vascular Seedless Plants

Non-vascular Seedless Plants

The diverse plant life on Earth—consisting of nearly 400,000 species—can be divided into three broad categories based on biological characteristics: nonvascular, seedless vascular, and seed plants.

The Angiosperm Life Cycle

The Angiosperm Life Cycle

Plants have a life cycle split between two multicellular stages: a haploid stage—with cells containing one set of chromosomes—and a diploid stage—with cells containing two sets of chromosomes. The haploid stage is the gamete-producing gametophyte, and the diploid stage is the spore-producing sporophyte.

Introduction to Plant Diversity

Introduction to Plant Diversity

From Water to Land

Formation of Species

Formation of Species

Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.

Pollination and Flower Structure

Pollination and Flower Structure

Flowers are the reproductive, seed-producing structures of angiosperms. Typically, flowers consist of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. Sepals and petals are the vegetative flower organs. Stamens and carpels are the reproductive organs.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Statistical and Structural Bias in Birth-Death Models.

Bulletin of mathematical biology·2026

Same author

A Phylogenetic Model of Established and Enabled Biome Shifts.

Systematic biology·2026

Same author

Seventy-Five Years of Systematic Biology: Looking Back, Moving Forward.

Systematic biology·2025

Same author

Longevity in plants impacts phylogenetic and population dynamics.

The New phytologist·2025

Same author

Longevity in plants impacts phylogenetic and population dynamics.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025

Same author

Phylogenomics reveals the slow-burning fuse of diatom evolution.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

Same journal

Superorganismal Anisogamy: A Comparative Test of an Extended Theory.

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution·2026

Same journal

The role of microbial resource mutualists in plant adaptation to abiotic environments.

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution·2026

Same journal

Museum genomics links MC1R alleles to adaptive winter coat color polymorphism in the long-tailed weasel.

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution·2026

Same journal

Repeated evolution of iridescence and hindwing tails is associated with morphometric flight proxies in skipper butterflies.

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution·2026

Same journal

Temperature-dependent competition predicts contrasting outcomes of adjacent secondary contact zones in darters (Percidae:Etheostoma).

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution·2026

Same journal

Sex allocation of hermaphrodites in metapopulations with frequent population extinction and recolonization.

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Whole-mount Clearing and Staining of Arabidopsis Flower Organs and Siliques

Whole-mount Clearing and Staining of Arabidopsis Flower Organs and Siliques

Published on: April 12, 2018

Fruit evolution and diversification in campanulid angiosperms.

Jeremy M Beaulieu¹, Michael J Donoghue

¹Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, P.O. Box 208106, New Haven, Connecticut, 10620. jbeaulieu@nimbios.org.

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution

|October 25, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Flowering plant evolution shows that the achene fruit type, common in Campanulidae, may drive diversification. While achenes are linked to increased species diversity, their direct causal role remains uncertain.

Keywords:

Achene Campanulidae comparative methods diversification flowering plants fruit type

More Related Videos

Field Experiments of Pollination Ecology: The Case of Lycoris sanguinea var. sanguinea

Field Experiments of Pollination Ecology: The Case of Lycoris sanguinea var. sanguinea

Published on: November 25, 2016

Scanning Electron Microscopy SEM Protocols for Problematic Plant, Oomycete, and Fungal Samples

Scanning Electron Microscopy SEM Protocols for Problematic Plant, Oomycete, and Fungal Samples

Published on: February 3, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Whole-mount Clearing and Staining of Arabidopsis Flower Organs and Siliques

Whole-mount Clearing and Staining of Arabidopsis Flower Organs and Siliques

Published on: April 12, 2018

Field Experiments of Pollination Ecology: The Case of Lycoris sanguinea var. sanguinea

Field Experiments of Pollination Ecology: The Case of Lycoris sanguinea var. sanguinea

Published on: November 25, 2016

Scanning Electron Microscopy SEM Protocols for Problematic Plant, Oomycete, and Fungal Samples

Scanning Electron Microscopy SEM Protocols for Problematic Plant, Oomycete, and Fungal Samples

Published on: February 3, 2017

Area of Science:

Evolutionary biology
Plant systematics
Phylogenetics

Background:

Comparative studies on fruit evolution and plant diversity have yielded conflicting results due to taxonomic scale and statistical methods.
Phylogenetic trees offer new opportunities to explore long-standing questions in plant evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the evolutionary transitions of fruit types within the Campanulidae angiosperm clade.
To determine if fruit characters, specifically the achene, correlate with diversification rates in flowering plants.

Main Methods:

Analysis of character transitions among major fruit types in the Campanulidae.
Inference of evolutionary rates and patterns of fruit evolution within this angiosperm clade.

Main Results:

Campanulids likely originated with capsule fruits, with subsequent diversity arising from modifications of this dry fruit type.
The prevalence of achene fruits is attributed to their evolutionary irreversibility and a positive association with diversification rates.
Achenes are a significant correlate of diversity patterns in Campanulidae.

Conclusions:

The evolution of the achene fruit type appears linked to increased diversification in Campanulidae.
While achenes correlate with diversity, their direct causal role in promoting diversification requires further investigation.