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Polio outbreak among nomads in Chad: outbreak response and lessons learned
Serigne M Ndiaye1, Mahamat Abdoulaye Ahmed2, Melinda Denson1
1Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|October 25, 2013
Summary
Targeted polio vaccination campaigns in Chad successfully increased coverage among nomadic children by using mobile teams and community engagement. These efforts reached previously unvaccinated populations, contributing to polio eradication goals.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Chad experienced polio epidemics in 2011 and 2012.
- The Ministry of Public Health, with Global Polio Eradication Initiative support, initiated targeted campaigns to boost vaccination coverage among nomadic children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe strategies employed to vaccinate nomadic populations in three districts of Chad.
- To assess the impact of targeted polio vaccination campaigns on nomadic children's coverage.
Main Methods:
- Deployment of mobile vaccination teams.
- Recruitment of local nomads for settlement identification.
- Community social mobilization efforts.
- Provision of vaccinations to children, women, and animals.
Main Results:
- Significant increase in polio vaccination coverage for nomadic children aged 0-59 months, especially those unvaccinated.
- Notable coverage increases in Dourbali (2956 to 8164) and Kyabe (7319 to 15,868).
- Substantial rise in first-time vaccinated nomadic children in Dourbali and Kyabe.
Conclusions:
- Success attributed to dedicated staff, government and partner engagement, and nomadic leader participation.
- Intersectoral collaboration between human and animal health services was crucial.
- Flexibility of vaccinators in timing and location of services was key to reaching nomadic populations.
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