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Related Concept Videos

Stereotype Content Model02:16

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The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
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Trait centrality refers to the degree to which a particular characteristic influences the overall impression of an individual. Some traits exert a disproportionately strong impact on perception, shaping how people interpret other attributes of a person. Solomon Asch first systematically studied this phenomenon in 1946.Asch’s Experiment on Trait CentralityAsch's seminal study demonstrated the centrality of certain traits through a controlled experiment. Participants were presented with a...
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Implicit Personality Theories01:23

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Implicit personality theory explains how individuals make assumptions about the relationships between personality traits, behaviors, and character types. When people learn that someone possesses a particular trait, they tend to infer the presence of other related characteristics, forming a cohesive impression. This cognitive shortcut plays a crucial role in social interactions and interpersonal judgments.Central Traits and Their InfluenceSolomon Asch's seminal 1946 study highlighted the power...
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The halo effect is a cognitive bias in which an individual's overall impression influences judgments about their specific traits. This psychological phenomenon leads people to associate positive characteristics with those they perceive as generally good and negative characteristics with those they view as bad. This effect is particularly influential in social perception, professional evaluations, and decision-making processes.The Psychological Basis of the Halo EffectThe halo effect is rooted...
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Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
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When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
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Warmth and Competence: Stereotype Content Issues for Clinicians and Researchers.

Susan T Fiske1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Princeton University.

Canadian Psychology = Psychologie Canadienne
|October 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Stereotypes stem from historical group dynamics. The Stereotype Content Model explains these using perceived warmth and competence, examining their impact on immigrant perceptions.

Keywords:
competencegroupssocial cognitionstereotypingwarmth

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Sociology
  • Intergroup Relations

Background:

  • Stereotypes often arise from historical societal structures and group interactions.
  • Understanding the origins and dimensions of stereotypes is crucial for social analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To overview the Stereotype Content Model (SCM) framework.
  • To examine immigrant stereotypes as a case study.
  • To analyze the detrimental and beneficial effects of stereotype dimensions.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual overview of the Stereotype Content Model.
  • Case study analysis focusing on immigrant images.
  • Discussion of the dual effects of perceived warmth and competence.

Main Results:

  • The Stereotype Content Model identifies perceived warmth and competence as core dimensions of social cognition.
  • Immigrant stereotypes can be analyzed through the lens of these two dimensions.
  • Both warmth and competence perceptions have toxic and curative potential.

Conclusions:

  • Stereotypes are historically contingent and rooted in group status and interdependence.
  • The SCM provides a robust framework for understanding intergroup cognition.
  • The dimensions of warmth and competence have significant implications for social attitudes and behaviors.