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Correlations in background activity control persistent state stability and allow execution of working memory tasks.

Mario Dipoppa1, Boris S Gutkin

  • 1Departement d'Etudes Cognitives, Ecole Normale Superieure, Group for Neural Theory, Laboratoire des Neurosciences Cognitives INSERM U960 Paris, France ; Ecole Doctorale Cerveau Cognition Comportement, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris, France.

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Neural activity correlations dynamically control working memory (WM) operations. Modulating these correlations enables gating, maintenance, and updating of information, crucial for WM tasks and resisting distractors.

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background activitycorrelationspersistent activityspiking neural networkworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Computational neuroscience
  • Neural dynamics
  • Cognitive modeling

Background:

  • Working memory (WM) relies on neural mechanisms for gating, maintenance, and updating information.
  • Transitions between persistent neural activity and resting states are essential for WM task performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and investigate neural activity correlations as a mechanism for WM operations.
  • To model WM using spiking neural networks and explore the role of background correlations.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented recurrently coupled spiking networks with correlated background activity.
  • Characterized the impact of background correlation levels on the stability of persistent neural states.
  • Modeled the delay match to sample task by dynamically modulating correlation levels.
  • Examined network performance in the presence of distractors using different network architectures.

Main Results:

  • Sufficiently high background correlations destabilize persistent activity, preventing task initiation.
  • Flexible modulation of correlations allows for dynamic control of WM network regimes (gating vs. memory clearance).
  • Correlations enhance distractor blocking in both winner-take-all and non-inhibitory network models.

Conclusions:

  • Neural activity correlations offer a flexible mechanism for executing WM operations.
  • Dynamic control of correlations is sufficient for gating information and blocking distractors while preserving memory traces.
  • Findings suggest a new paradigm for understanding how cortical circuits flexibly control correlations for WM.