[Rare blood group B (A) detection and safe transfusion]

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Genetics
• Transfusion Medicine

Background:

• The B(A) blood group is a rare variant within the ABO blood group system.
• Accurate identification and understanding of its genetic basis are crucial for safe transfusion practices.

Observation:

• Serological testing showed discrepancies between forward and reverse grouping in B(A) individuals.
• PCR-SSP genotyping and sequencing identified the B(A)04/001 genotype.
• Transfusion of B(A) red blood cells to a group B patient resulted in a mild adverse reaction.

Findings:

• Forward and reverse ABO serological grouping are incompatible for B(A) blood type.
• Molecular methods like genotyping are essential for accurate B(A) blood group determination.
• Transfusion of B(A) blood to group B or AB recipients is not recommended due to potential adverse reactions.

Implications:

• Family surveys and molecular techniques are vital for verifying B(A) blood group discrepancies.
• Safe transfusion strategies for B(A) individuals include transfusion compatibility testing or autologous transfusion.
• Further research into rare blood group genetics can improve transfusion safety and patient outcomes.