[Intravenous regional anesthesia with long-acting local anesthetics. An update]

Area of Science:

• Anesthesiology
• Regional Anesthesia
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA) is a common technique for limb surgeries, established in the early 20th century.
• The fundamental technique remains consistent, but drug advancements have enhanced its application.
• Focus on long-acting local anesthetics and various adjuncts has evolved the practice.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of current knowledge on intravenous regional anesthesia.
• To emphasize the role and benefits of long-acting local anesthetic drugs in IVRA.
• To review the efficacy of various adjuncts used in IVRA.

Main Methods:

• Review of historical and current literature on intravenous regional anesthesia.
• Analysis of studies investigating different local anesthetic agents, particularly ropivacaine and levobupivacaine.
• Examination of research on adjunct medications used to improve IVRA outcomes.

Main Results:

• Long-acting local anesthetics like ropivacaine and levobupivacaine are effective in IVRA.
• Adjuncts such as opioids, muscle relaxants, and others can enhance anesthesia onset and prolong analgesia.
• IVRA remains a valuable technique for surgical procedures on the limbs.

Conclusions:

• Modern IVRA utilizes long-acting local anesthetics and adjuncts to optimize patient outcomes.
• These advancements contribute to faster anesthesia induction and extended pain relief.
• IVRA continues to be a relevant and effective anesthesia method for limb surgeries.