Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis
Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy
Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management
Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization
Pneumothorax-II
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Updated: May 6, 2026

Local Anesthetic Thoracoscopy for Undiagnosed Pleural Effusion
Published on: November 10, 2023
Serife Tuba Liman1, Aykut Elicora, Aslı Gul Akgul
1Thoracic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Umuttepe Campus, 41380, Izmit, Kocaeli, Turkey, tubaliman@yahoo.com.
Small-bore chest catheters (10 F) are effective for draining pleural effusions and pneumothorax. This study shows a low failure rate, supporting their use for most pleural pathologies.
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