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Mastication improvement after partial implant-supported prosthesis use.

T M S V Gonçalves¹, C H Campos, G M Gonçalves

¹Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Avenida Limeira, 901,13414-903, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.

Journal of Dental Research

|October 26, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Dental implants significantly improve chewing function and muscle strength in patients with missing teeth. Implant-supported fixed prostheses offer the greatest benefits for bite force and food processing compared to other implant options.

Keywords:

clinical trials fixed prosthodontics mastication oral rehabilitation removable prosthodontics ultrasound

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Area of Science:

Dentistry
Biomaterials Science
Biomechanics

Background:

Partially edentulous patients face challenges with masticatory function.
Various prosthetic options exist, including removable dental prostheses, implant-supported removable dental prostheses, and partial implant fixed dental prostheses.
The comparative impact of these prostheses on masticatory performance is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate and compare the effects of three different dental prosthesis types on masticatory aspects in partially edentulous patients.
To assess maximum bite force, food comminution, and muscle activity with different prosthetic rehabilitations.

Main Methods:

A paired clinical trial involving twelve patients sequentially using three prosthesis types for two months each.
Assessment of maximum bite force using a strain sensor.
Determination of food comminution index via the sieving method.
Evaluation of masseter and temporal muscle thicknesses using ultrasonography during rest and maximal clenching.

Main Results:

Maximum bite force and food comminution index significantly increased with implant-supported removable and implant fixed dental prostheses.
The implant fixed dental prosthesis group showed the highest improvement in bite force and food comminution.
Masseter muscle thickness during maximal clenching increased significantly after implant insertion, irrespective of prosthesis type.

Conclusions:

Implant-supported prostheses, particularly fixed partial prostheses, substantially enhance masticatory function and muscle strength in partially edentulous patients.
The choice of implant-retained prosthesis type influences the degree of improvement in masticatory performance.