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Related Experiment Video

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Microfluidic Chips Controlled with Elastomeric Microvalve Arrays
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Elastomeric microvalves as tunable nanochannels for concentration polarization.

Jos Quist1, Sebastiaan J Trietsch, Paul Vulto

  • 1Netherlands Metabolomics Centre (NMC), Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, The Netherlands. hankemeier@lacdr.leidenuniv.nl.

Lab on a Chip
|October 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Elastomeric microvalves in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) devices can function as tunable nanochannels. This enables the induction of nanofluidic concentration polarization for significant analyte preconcentration in microfluidic systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) elastomeric microvalves are standard for microfluidic operations.
  • These microvalves can be repurposed to create tunable nanochannels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of closed microvalves as nanochannels.
  • To demonstrate the induction of nanofluidic phenomena and analyte preconcentration using these tunable nanochannels.

Main Methods:

  • Tuning nanospace heights of closed PDMS microvalves between ~55 nm and ~7 nm.
  • Actuating valves via pressure and electro-osmotic flow to control concentration polarization regimes.
  • Utilizing anodic focusing for analyte preconcentration.

Main Results:

  • Successfully induced concentration polarization (anodic and cathodic analyte focusing and stacking) by adjusting valve nanospace heights.
  • Achieved 1000-fold preconcentration of fluorescein in 100 seconds using anodic focusing.
  • Demonstrated reversible nanochannel formation and sample plug transport upon valve opening.

Conclusions:

  • PDMS microvalves can be reversibly transformed into nanochannels for nanofluidic applications.
  • This approach allows for tunable concentration polarization and significant analyte preconcentration within microfluidic devices.
  • Opens new possibilities for integrating electrokinetic operations and assays in large-scale microfluidic systems.