Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

2.1K
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
2.1K
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

58
Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH...
58
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

58
Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
58
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

1.4K
Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
1.4K
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

5.1K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
5.1K
Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers

3.0K
β-adrenergic antagonists, commonly known as β-blockers, block the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (ADR). They have several beneficial effects in heart failure treatment. They reduce heart rate, the force of contraction, and cardiac muscle relaxation. They also slow the atrial-ventricular conduction rate and raise the threshold for arrhythmias. The concentration of β-blockers determines their effects on bronchodilation,...
3.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Importance of Age in Selecting a Testing Strategy for Stable Symptomatic Patients With Suspected Coronary Artery Disease.

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society·2026
Same author

Choosing Between CABG and PCI for 3-Vessel Coronary Disease: What's Cost Got to Do With It?

Journal of the American College of Cardiology·2026
Same author

Additive prognostic value of functional performance to coronary artery anatomy: the ISCHEMIA trial.

European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging·2026
Same author

Trajectories of Angina After Initial Invasive vs Conservative Strategy for Chronic Coronary Disease.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology·2025
Same author

Health Status Outcomes With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in ISCHEMIA.

Circulation·2025
Same author

Survival After Initial Stress Testing vs Anatomic Testing in Suspected Coronary Artery Disease: Long-Term Follow-Up of the PROMISE Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA cardiology·2025
Same journal

REVEALing New Standards: Low Risk Redefined.

JACC. Heart failure·2026
Same journal

Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Therapy in Contemporary Heart Failure Patients: An Analysis From the EMPEROR-Reduced Trial.

JACC. Heart failure·2026
Same journal

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor Following Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

JACC. Heart failure·2026
Same journal

Noninvasive Wearable-Based Algorithm to Predict Worsening Heart Failure by Change in Natriuretic Peptide Levels.

JACC. Heart failure·2026
Same journal

Long-Term HM3 Outcomes: Is Age the Signal or the Surrogate?

JACC. Heart failure·2026
Same journal

Impact of Age on Long-Term Clinical Outcomes Following HeartMate 3 LVAD Implantation: Insights From the MOMENTUM 3 Trial.

JACC. Heart failure·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

In Vivo Quantitative Assessment of Myocardial Structure, Function, Perfusion and Viability Using Cardiac Micro-computed Tomography
08:13

In Vivo Quantitative Assessment of Myocardial Structure, Function, Perfusion and Viability Using Cardiac Micro-computed Tomography

Published on: February 16, 2016

21.6K

Thyroid function in heart failure and impact on mortality.

Judith E Mitchell, Anne S Hellkamp, Daniel B Mark

    JACC. Heart Failure
    |October 26, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Patients with heart failure (HF) and abnormal thyroid function face a significantly higher risk of death. This includes both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, even after accounting for other risk factors.

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 6, 2026

    In Vivo Quantitative Assessment of Myocardial Structure, Function, Perfusion and Viability Using Cardiac Micro-computed Tomography
    08:13

    In Vivo Quantitative Assessment of Myocardial Structure, Function, Perfusion and Viability Using Cardiac Micro-computed Tomography

    Published on: February 16, 2016

    21.6K

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Endocrinology
    • Clinical Research

    Background:

    • Thyroid hormone homeostasis is crucial for cardiovascular function.
    • The independent prognostic impact of thyroid dysfunction in heart failure (HF) patients remains unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine if patients with systolic heart failure (HF) and abnormal thyroid function have an increased risk of mortality.
    • To investigate the prognostic significance of thyroid abnormalities in HF.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized data from the Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure Trial (SCD-HeFT).
    • Measured thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) at baseline and every 6 months in 2,225 HF patients over 5 years.
    • Compared mortality rates between patients with normal and abnormal thyroid function.

    Main Results:

    • 13% of HF patients had abnormal TSH levels at baseline (12% hypothyroid, 1% hyperthyroid).
    • Amiodarone treatment increased the risk of developing abnormal TSH levels.
    • Both baseline and new-onset hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were associated with significantly higher mortality (HR 1.58 for hypo, HR 1.85 for hyper).

    Conclusions:

    • Abnormal thyroid function is a significant independent predictor of mortality in symptomatic HF patients with reduced ejection fraction.
    • These findings highlight the importance of monitoring thyroid function in heart failure management.