Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant...

Mechanism of heat transfer

Mechanism of heat transfer

Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...

Joule-Thomson Effect

Joule-Thomson Effect

The Joule-Thomson effect, also known as the Joule-Kelvin effect, describes the temperature change of a fluid when it is forced through a valve or porous plug while keeping it in a thermally insulated environment. This experiment is called a throttling process. This is an important effect widely used in refrigeration and the liquefaction of gases.
This experiment forces high-pressure gas through a throttle valve or a porous plug to a lower-pressure region. The gas expands as it passes through to...

Conduction, Convection and Radiation: Problem Solving

Conduction, Convection and Radiation: Problem Solving

There are three methods by which heat transfer can take place: conduction, convection, and radiation. Each method has unique and interesting characteristics, but all three have two things in common: they transfer heat solely because of a temperature difference; and the greater the temperature difference, the faster the heat transfer.
In order to solve a problem related to heat transfer, first of all, the situation needs to be examined to determine the type of heat transfer involved. This could...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

3D Cell Printing and Manipulation with Magnetic Bioinks.

Biomedicines·2026

Same author

Ultrasound priming gated by solid tumor hallmarks to guide CAR-T therapy.

Science advances·2026

Same author

Transcription Factor-Mediated Reprogramming of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Reveals Targetable Vulnerabilities in Solid Tumors.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Ice crystallization kinetics in supercooled droplets from a molecular perspective.

Journal of colloid and interface science·2025

Same author

Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub><i>x</i></sub> and Mo<sub>2</sub>TiC<sub>2</sub>T<sub><i>x</i></sub> MXene-based biocompatible supercapacitors for implantable medical devices.

Journal of materials chemistry. B·2025

Same author

Interfacial Separations by a Polydimethylsiloxane Layer. Molecular Modeling of Coated Stir Bar Extraction of Organics from Aqueous Solutions.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices

Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices

Published on: June 3, 2015

Communication: A tractable design for a thermal transistor.

Sohail Murad¹, Ishwar K Puri

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA.

The Journal of Chemical Physics

|October 29, 2013

Summary

Researchers developed a thermal transistor analog for digital computing. This device uses heat current controlled by a gate, enabling new applications in energy conservation and data transport.

More Related Videos

Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers

Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers

Published on: October 24, 2018

Coin Cell Battery Chamber Design for Low-temperature Operando Experiments

Coin Cell Battery Chamber Design for Low-temperature Operando Experiments

Published on: February 17, 2026

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices

Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices

Published on: June 3, 2015

Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers

Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers

Published on: October 24, 2018

Coin Cell Battery Chamber Design for Low-temperature Operando Experiments

Coin Cell Battery Chamber Design for Low-temperature Operando Experiments

Published on: February 17, 2026

Area of Science:

Physics
Materials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Conventional transistors rely on electrical current, limiting applications in environments where electrical signals are impractical.
Heat current manipulation offers a novel approach for information processing and energy management.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and simulate a conceptual design for a thermal transistor analog.
To explore the potential applications of thermal logic devices in computing and energy conservation.

Main Methods:

Conceptual design of a thermal transistor analog with hot (emitter) and cold (collector) terminals, controlled by a gate.
Molecular dynamics simulations to model thermal transport in silicon-based structures containing water.

Main Results:

Demonstrated a thermal transistor analog where heat current is controlled by gate temperature.
Observed linear changes in emitter heat current and nonlinear changes in collector heat current with gate temperature variations.
Identified distinct ON and OFF states based on the nonlinear collector current behavior, with a transport factor greater than unity in the ON state.

Conclusions:

The proposed thermal transistor analog shows promise for thermal digital computing and energy conservation.
The device's ability to modulate heat current opens possibilities for thermal rheostats and phononic data transport.