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Related Concept Videos

Colloids03:22

Colloids

17.2K
Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

189
The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called...
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Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

3.4K
Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
3.4K
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

5.7K
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
5.7K
Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

1.5K
Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
1.5K
Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

1.6K
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids
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Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids

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Mixtures of functionalized colloids on substrates.

C S Dias1, N A M Araújo, M M Telo da Gama

  • 1Centro de Física Teórica e Computacional, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto 2, P-1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|October 29, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study explores the irreversible aggregation of patchy particles on a substrate. An optimal fraction of two-patch particles maximizes aggregate density under diffusion, while advection shows a monotonic decrease in density.

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Area of Science:

  • Colloid science
  • Soft matter physics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Patchy particles are colloids with tunable surface interactions, enabling control over self-assembly.
  • Equilibrium phase diagrams for patchy particle mixtures are well-established.
  • The kinetics of self-organization and structure formation remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the irreversible aggregation kinetics of binary mixtures of two- and three-patch colloids on a substrate.
  • To compare the effects of diffusive and advective mass transport on aggregate formation.
  • To determine the influence of the fraction of two-patch particles on aggregate density.

Main Methods:

  • Simulation of irreversible aggregation on a substrate.
  • Comparison of diffusive and advective mass transport mechanisms.
  • Systematic variation of the fraction of two-patch particles in the mixture.

Main Results:

  • Under diffusive transport, an optimal fraction of two-patch particles was identified that maximizes aggregate density.
  • Under advective transport, aggregate density decreased monotonically with increasing fraction of two-patch particles.
  • Observed advective behavior aligns with predictions from the equilibrium phase diagram's spinodal.

Conclusions:

  • The kinetics of patchy particle aggregation are highly dependent on the mass transport mechanism.
  • Optimal fractions for dense aggregate formation exist under diffusive conditions.
  • Advective transport leads to density trends consistent with equilibrium thermodynamics, highlighting kinetic vs. equilibrium differences.