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Algebraic versus Exponential Decoherence in Dissipative Many-Particle Systems.

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For quantum many-body systems, decoherence in the open XXZ model shows algebraic decay, not exponential, in the thermodynamic limit. This unique behavior stems from interactions with a Markovian environment.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Many-Body Physics
  • Open Quantum Systems
  • Condensed Matter Theory

Background:

  • Dissipation and internal interactions in quantum systems lead to novel phenomena.
  • Understanding decoherence is crucial for quantum technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate decoherence in spin-1/2 chains coupled to a Markovian environment.
  • Analyze the open XXZ and transverse-field Ising models.

Main Methods:

  • Time-dependent density matrix renormalization group.
  • Perturbative treatment of Liouville superoperator spectrum.

Main Results:

  • Decoherence time diverges in the thermodynamic limit for the open XXZ model.
  • Coherence decay is algebraic, not exponential, in the open XXZ model.
  • Decoherence is always exponential in the open transverse-field Ising model, influenced by internal interactions.

Conclusions:

  • A vanishing gap in the Liouville superoperator spectrum explains algebraic decoherence.
  • Internal interactions can accelerate or decelerate decoherence in the transverse-field Ising model.
  • Different models exhibit distinct decoherence dynamics under environmental coupling.