Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Anastomoses01:19

Anastomoses

3.8K
In human anatomy, anastomosis refers to a connection or opening between two things, particularly between blood vessels or other tubular structures. The term is derived from the Greek term 'anastomosis,' which means 'outlet' or 'opening.' This natural network of connections plays a critical role in the survival and functionality of the human body.
Anastomoses can be formed at arterial, venous, and lymphatic vessels.
Arterial Anastomosis: These occur between arteries. They...
3.8K
Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology01:10

Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology

75
Atelectasis develops when alveoli lose their air and collapse inward. Because lung tissue is naturally elastic, these air sacs shrink rather than remaining open. Collapsed alveoli are no longer ventilated, reducing their role in gas exchange. Blood flow may continue in these regions, creating a ventilation–perfusion mismatch. Clinical findings include decreased breath sounds, dullness to percussion, reduced chest expansion, and decreased tactile fremitus as sound transmission through...
75
Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis

911
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...
911
Overview of Pulmonary Circulation01:19

Overview of Pulmonary Circulation

5.0K
The pulmonary circulation is a vital system in our body that acts as a bridge between the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. It serves as a transport network for deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and then returns oxygen-rich blood back to the heart.
The process begins with the right ventricle of the heart pumping deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary trunk. This large vessel extends about 5 centimeters before splitting into the left and right pulmonary arteries. These arteries...
5.0K
Pulmonary Edema II: Pathophysiology01:18

Pulmonary Edema II: Pathophysiology

86
Pulmonary edema is the accumulation of fluid in the interstitial and alveolar spaces of the lungs, impairing gas exchange and oxygen delivery. It may be cardiogenic or noncardiogenic, but both reduce oxygenation and lung compliance.Cardiogenic Pulmonary EdemaCardiogenic edema results from increased hydrostatic pressure in pulmonary capillaries, usually due to left ventricular dysfunction from myocardial infarction, heart failure, or valvular disease. Ineffective cardiac pumping causes blood to...
86
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

1.5K
Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
1.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Helping Underdeveloped Lungs with Cells (HULC-2): mesenchymal stromal cells in extreme preterm infants at risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia - a study protocol of a phase 2 multicentre double blind randomised controlled trial in Canada.

BMJ open·2026
Same author

Improving the precision of AAV lung gene therapy for SP-B deficiency using computationally derived lung-specific promoters.

Gene therapy·2026
Same author

Assessing the real-world effects of prophylactic hydrocortisone in the Canadian Neonatal Network: A cohort study.

Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association·2026
Same author

Novel strategy to preserve valve morphology for 3-dimensional analysis of rat pulmonary valves.

JTCVS structural and endovascular·2026
Same author

Efficient and safe lung gene delivery using AAV6.2FF in neonatal pigs demonstrates pediatric translational potential.

Molecular therapy. Advances·2026
Same author

Cellular immunotherapy for COVID-19-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome: Results of the CIRCA-19 phase 1 safety and phase 2 randomized controlled trials.

Stem cell reports·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Assessment of Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume, Membrane Diffusing Capacity, and Intrapulmonary Arteriovenous Anastomoses During Exercise
07:09

Assessment of Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume, Membrane Diffusing Capacity, and Intrapulmonary Arteriovenous Anastomoses During Exercise

Published on: February 20, 2017

13.9K

Intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses. Physiological, pathophysiological, or both?

Andrew T Lovering1, R Kirk Riemer, Bernard Thébaud

  • 11 Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon.

Annals of the American Thoracic Society
|October 29, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses are vessels in the lungs. These vessels may contribute to arterial hypoxemia in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and other lung conditions.

More Related Videos

Increasing Pulmonary Artery Pulsatile Flow Improves Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension in Piglets
08:08

Increasing Pulmonary Artery Pulsatile Flow Improves Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension in Piglets

Published on: May 11, 2015

13.6K
Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat
08:34

Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat

Published on: November 18, 2018

6.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Assessment of Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume, Membrane Diffusing Capacity, and Intrapulmonary Arteriovenous Anastomoses During Exercise
07:09

Assessment of Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume, Membrane Diffusing Capacity, and Intrapulmonary Arteriovenous Anastomoses During Exercise

Published on: February 20, 2017

13.9K
Increasing Pulmonary Artery Pulsatile Flow Improves Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension in Piglets
08:08

Increasing Pulmonary Artery Pulsatile Flow Improves Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension in Piglets

Published on: May 11, 2015

13.6K
Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat
08:34

Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat

Published on: November 18, 2018

6.9K

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary medicine
  • Cardiovascular physiology
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses (IPAVAs) are large-diameter vascular connections in the human lung.
  • Physiological blood flow through these channels occurs in fetuses and can be reactivated during exercise or hypoxia in healthy adults.
  • The role of IPAVAs in pulmonary gas exchange, particularly in disease, remains debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anatomical presence and pathological significance of intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses.
  • To explore the contribution of IPAVAs to arterial hypoxemia in specific infant lung diseases.
  • To examine potential regulatory factors, such as hepatic factors, in arteriovenous shunt formation.

Main Methods:

  • Three-dimensional dissections of human lung samples from prematurely born infants.
  • Analysis of pathological arteriovenous shunting following surgical procedures like cavopulmonary anastomosis.
  • Review of existing literature on IPAVAs and their role in gas exchange.

Main Results:

  • Direct anatomical evidence of IPAVAs in lungs of infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia was found.
  • These IPAVAs were suggested to contribute significantly to severe arterial hypoxemia in infants who died from bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
  • Surgical creation of cavopulmonary anastomosis induced pathological arteriovenous shunting, hinting at a fetal-like state.

Conclusions:

  • Intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses play a significant role in arterial hypoxemia in certain pathological conditions, notably bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
  • The findings suggest a potential regression to a fetal-like circulatory state in response to specific surgical interventions.
  • Further research is needed to determine the extent of IPAVA contribution to hypoxemia in other conditions like hepatopulmonary syndrome.