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Slowing DNA translocation through a nanopore using a functionalized electrode.

Padmini Krishnakumar1, Brett Gyarfas, Weisi Song

  • 1Department of Physics, ‡Biodesign Institute, and §Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.

ACS Nano
|October 29, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functionalizing nanopores with specific chemical coatings significantly slows DNA translocation, enabling more detailed analysis. This advancement aids in understanding DNA dynamics at the nanoscale.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nanopore technology offers a promising platform for single-molecule analysis.
  • Controlling molecule translocation speed is crucial for high-resolution measurements.
  • Surface functionalization of nanopores can alter their interaction with analytes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of different nanopore surface functionalizations on single-stranded DNA translocation dynamics.
  • To determine if hydrogen-bonding or hydrophobic monolayers can modulate DNA translocation times.
  • To assess the potential of functionalized nanopores for controlled molecular analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of nanopores with integrated microscale palladium electrodes.
  • Coating nanopores with octanethiol (hydrophobic) and 4(5)-(2-mercaptoethyl)-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamide (hydrogen-bonding) monolayers.
  • Measuring single-stranded DNA translocation events through bare and functionalized nanopores under applied electrical biases.
  • Calculating average translocation times per base.

Main Results:

  • Bare nanopores and those with hydrophobic octanethiol coatings exhibited rapid DNA translocation, on the order of microseconds per base.
  • Nanopores functionalized with the imidazole-carboxamide monolayer significantly slowed DNA translocation to approximately 100 microseconds per base.
  • This slowing effect was observed at applied biases between 50 and 80 mV.

Conclusions:

  • Surface functionalization of nanopores is an effective strategy to control DNA translocation speed.
  • Hydrogen-bonding monolayers, specifically the imidazole-carboxamide used, can substantially increase DNA translocation times.
  • These findings suggest that tailored nanopore functionalization can enhance the resolution and control for DNA sequencing and analysis applications.