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Related Experiment Videos

Serial immunological studies in multiple sclerosis patients treated systemically with human alpha interferon.

H S Panitch, G S Francis, C J Hooper

    Annals of Neurology
    |October 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Natural human alpha interferon increased IgG synthesis in multiple sclerosis patients but did not consistently indicate disease activity or clinical response. Immune cell levels fluctuated independently of exacerbations during the 2-year trial.

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    Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)·2007

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroimmunology
    • Immunology
    • Clinical Trials

    Background:

    • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system.
    • Interferon therapy is used in MS, but its immunomodulatory effects require further elucidation.
    • Understanding immune responses in MS is crucial for developing effective treatments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of natural human alpha interferon on immunological functions in multiple sclerosis patients.
    • To assess the correlation between immunological changes and clinical disease activity during interferon treatment.
    • To evaluate the utility of various immunological assays as biomarkers for MS progression and treatment response.

    Main Methods:

    • A 2-year placebo-controlled trial involving patients with multiple sclerosis.

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  • Monitoring of systemic and intrathecal immunoglobulin G (IgG) synthesis.
  • Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for oligoclonal bands and myelin basic protein (MBP).
  • Quantification of T lymphocyte subsets (helper and suppressor) and their ratios.
  • Detection of antibodies against myelin basic protein and interferon contaminants.

    • Main Results:

    • Interferon administration significantly increased systemic and intrathecal IgG synthesis.
    • Minor changes were observed in CSF oligoclonal bands, with no effect on CSF MBP or antibodies to MBP.
    • T lymphocyte levels and helper/suppressor ratios fluctuated independently of clinical exacerbations.
    • Elevated helper/suppressor T cell ratios were noted in MS patients compared to controls, further increasing with interferon treatment.
    • Circulating IgG antibodies induced by interferon appeared directed against a non-interferon contaminant.

    Conclusions:

    • Natural human alpha interferon modulates IgG synthesis in multiple sclerosis but does not consistently correlate with disease activity or clinical response.
    • Immune cell dynamics, including T lymphocyte subsets, do not serve as reliable indicators of disease exacerbations or treatment efficacy in this context.
    • Current immunological assays utilized in this study were not consistently effective in predicting disease activity or response to interferon therapy in multiple sclerosis.