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Toothbrushing barriers for people with developmental disabilities: a pilot study.

Christina J Shin1, Sophia Saeed

  • 1Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Pediatric Dentistry, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.

Special Care in Dentistry : Official Publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry
|October 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with developmental disabilities found brushing away plaque most challenging. However, oral hygiene instruction improved initial steps like opening toothpaste, though overall plaque reduction was not significant.

Keywords:
access/barriers to caredevelopmentally disabledoral health

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Area of Science:

  • Dental hygiene research
  • Disability studies
  • Behavioral science

Background:

  • Effective tooth brushing is crucial for oral health.
  • Individuals with developmental disabilities often face challenges in maintaining adequate oral hygiene.
  • Understanding specific difficulties can inform targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the most difficult step in tooth brushing for individuals with developmental disabilities.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of oral hygiene instruction on improving tooth brushing technique.

Main Methods:

  • 14 subjects with developmental disabilities participated over 6 weeks.
  • Individualized observation of tooth brushing technique weekly.
  • Assessment of 14 distinct brushing steps using a 4-point Likert scale.
  • Measurement of plaque scores post-brushing.

Main Results:

  • The most challenging step identified was "able to brush off residual, identified plaque."
  • Significant improvement was observed in initial steps: "open toothpaste" and "place toothpaste on brush."
  • No statistically significant reduction in overall plaque score was found from baseline to final assessment.

Conclusions:

  • Oral hygiene instruction, delivered in group and individual settings, enhanced compliance with initial tooth brushing steps.
  • Targeted instruction may improve specific aspects of oral self-care for this population.
  • Further research is needed to address difficulties in plaque removal for sustained oral health benefits.