Novel GO-COO-β-CD/CA inclusion: its blood compatibility, antibacterial property and drug delivery

GO-COO-β-CD/CA inclusion (carboxylated graphene-β-cyclodextrin/chlorhexidine acetate) was fabricated with a graphene-based drug carrier. The reaction time and ratio of carrier to drug were optimized by X-ray diffraction spectra to ensure the complete wrapping of CA. Hemolysis test and recalcification test demonstrated that the inclusion possessed good blood compatibility due to the inherent biocompatibility of β-CD molecules in the carrier. The inclusion displayed excellent inhibition effect on both gram negative bacteria of Escherichia coli and gram positive bacteria of Staphylococcus Aureus, while showing no cytotoxicity. More importantly, the drug efficiency was greatly improved with CA dosage as less as one-third of the pure drug due to the synergistic effect of the drug and carrier. Dynamic simulation implies that the delivery profile of CA from the inclusion is in accordance with the first-order dynamic equation, i.e. ln(1-Mt/M) = -kt.