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Malnutrition: a risk factor for severe respiratory syncytial virus infection and hospitalization

Stuart Paynter1, Robert S Ware, Marilla G Lucero

  • 1From the *School of Population Health; †Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; ‡Research Institute of Tropical Medicine, Manila, the Philippines; §Department of Vaccines and Immune Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; ¶Barbara Hardy Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; ‖University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine; Center for Global Health, Colorado School of Public Health; and **Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|October 31, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Poor infant growth, indicated by low weight-for-age z-scores, significantly increases the risk of severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and hospitalization in young children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Limited longitudinal data exists on infant growth's impact on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) severity.
  • Hospitalization for RSV lower respiratory infection signifies severe disease spectrum in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between poor infant growth and the risk of hospitalization due to RSV lower respiratory infection.
  • To identify specific growth parameters that may predict severe RSV outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 12,191 infants from the Philippines was followed.
  • Exposure variables included weight-for-age z-scores and growth rates between vaccination visits.
  • The primary outcome was hospitalization with RSV lower respiratory infection.

Main Results:

  • Infants with a weight-for-age z-score ≤ -2 showed the highest RSV hospitalization rates, particularly when maternal education exceeded 10 years (HR: 3.38).
  • Suboptimal infant growth between vaccinations was linked to a higher rate of RSV hospitalization (HR: 1.34).

Conclusions:

  • Poor infant growth is a significant risk factor for severe RSV infection requiring hospitalization.
  • Monitoring infant growth is crucial for identifying children at higher risk for severe RSV outcomes.
Abstract

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