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Related Concept Videos

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

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A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
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Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

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Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this...
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Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

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A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
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Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

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The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
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Cirrhosis I: Introduction01:23

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Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...
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Portal Hypertension01:22

Portal Hypertension

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Portal hypertension is an increase in blood pressure within the portal venous system. Normally, this pressure is less than 5 mmHg. It is considered clinically significant when it rises above 10 mmHg. At this threshold, complications from altered blood flow and venous congestion emerge.EtiologyPortal hypertension arises from conditions that impede blood flow through the liver. The most common cause is cirrhosis, in which chronic liver injury leads to fibrotic scarring. This fibrosis narrows or...
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Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
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Diffuse sphenoid bone cavernous hemangioma presenting during pregnancy.

Hugh Robertson1, Enrique Palacios, Sheryl Rincon

  • 1Department of Radiology, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.

Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal
|October 31, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare diffuse sphenoid bone cavernous hemangioma caused vision loss in a pregnant woman. Pregnancy may contribute to the enlargement of these vascular malformations.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Cavernous hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors.
  • Sphenoid bone involvement is rare.
  • Pregnancy can influence hormonal and vascular changes.

Observation:

  • A 22-year-old primigravid woman presented with progressive left eye vision decrease.
  • Symptoms appeared during the third trimester of pregnancy.
  • The patient was diagnosed with a diffuse sphenoid bone cavernous hemangioma.

Findings:

  • The sphenoid bone cavernous hemangioma enlarged during pregnancy, causing visual impairment.
  • Discusses known and theoretical factors contributing to hemangioma growth during gestation.

Implications:

  • Highlights the importance of considering pregnancy-related hormonal and hemodynamic shifts in vascular tumor behavior.
  • Suggests potential need for closer monitoring of pregnant patients with vascular lesions.
  • Underscores the diagnostic challenge of rare sphenoid bone tumors.