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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is linked to HCC, and early diagnosis is possible with alfa-foeto-protein. HBV vaccination offers hope for HCC prevention.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Oncology
- Virology
Background:
- Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a globally prevalent malignancy.
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant risk factor for HCC development.
- Understanding etiological agents is crucial for managing HCC.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the association between Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HCC.
- To examine the role of other etiological agents in HCC.
- To discuss diagnostic markers and treatment options for HCC.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on HCC etiology and management.
- Analysis of the role of HBsAg in HCC pathogenesis.
- Evaluation of diagnostic markers and therapeutic strategies.
Main Results:
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is strongly associated with HCC.
- Alfa-foeto-protein (AFP) remains a key biomarker for early HCC detection.
- Surgical resection offers the only curative option, but is feasible in a limited number of patients.
Conclusions:
- The hepatitis B vaccine holds significant promise for the primary prevention of HCC.
- Continued research into etiological factors and improved diagnostic tools is essential.
- Multifaceted approaches are needed to combat the global burden of HCC.
Abstract:
Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the commonest malignant diseases in the world. In this study the association of HBsAg and HCC, together with the role of other aetiological agents, is reviewed. Alfa-foeto-protein continues to be the best marker for early diagnosis of HCC. Surgical resection provides the only chance of cure, but the proportion of patients with resectable tumour is small. The hope for prevention of HCC lies in the use of a vaccine against hepatitis B virus.