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Unilateral Lung Volume Analysis Using Micro-CT for Enhanced Assessment of Pulmonary Fibrosis in Preclinical Models

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Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis: a rare case report.

Kaleem Ahmad¹, Mukesh Kumar Gupta, Kanchan Dhungel

¹Department of Radiodiagnosis, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.

Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences

|November 1, 2013

Summary

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis, a rare lung disease, involves tiny calcium deposits in the air sacs. This case highlights its presentation in a young adult with exertional dyspnea and characteristic imaging findings.

Keywords:

Calcification Computed tomography Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis

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Area of Science:

Pulmonology
Radiology
Pathology

Background:

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare, diffuse infiltrative lung disease.
Characterized by the accumulation of calcium phosphate microliths within the pulmonary alveoli.
Often presents insidiously, posing diagnostic challenges.

Observation:

A young adult presented with progressive shortness of breath on exertion.
Chest radiography revealed diffuse, small, dense nodules, predominantly in lower lung zones.
High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) demonstrated widespread intra-alveolar microliths, ground-glass opacities, septal thickening, and characteristic pleural lines.

Findings:

Imaging findings were highly suggestive of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis.
Transbronchial biopsy provided definitive histological confirmation of microlith deposition.
The case underscores the utility of HRCT in diagnosing PAM.

Implications:

Early diagnosis of PAM is crucial for management and monitoring.
Understanding the imaging spectrum aids in differentiating PAM from other interstitial lung diseases.
Further research into the pathogenesis and treatment of PAM is warranted.