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Echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular diastolic and systolic function in Saudi patients with sickle cell

Mohammed Fakhry Abdul-Mohsen1

  • 1University of Dammam and King Fahd Hospital of the University, Dammam, PO Box 40032, Alkhobar 31952.

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association
|November 1, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Sickle cell disease (SCD) can lead to left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension. Echocardiography revealed these complications in Saudi SCD patients, highlighting the need for cardiac monitoring.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hematology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited disorder causing vaso-occlusive crises and chronic ischemia, potentially affecting any organ.
  • Saudi patients with SCD, particularly the Arab-Indian haplotype, require evaluation for cardiac complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic functions in Saudi SCD patients.
  • To identify cardiac abnormalities such as pulmonary hypertension and diastolic dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective echocardiography study involved 45 SCD patients and 45 age/sex-matched controls.
  • Evaluated LV dimensions, mass index, contractility, atrial volume, pulmonary artery systolic pressure, and diastolic function parameters.

Main Results:

  • SCD patients showed increased LV dimensions, volumes, stroke volume, and LV mass index.
  • Left ventricular ejection fraction was preserved, but 24% had diastolic dysfunction and 40% had pulmonary hypertension.
  • Increased left atrial volume was observed in SCD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, a form of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, can complicate SCD.
  • Pulmonary hypertension is a significant complication in this SCD population.
Abstract

Keywords:
E/A, E wave/A wave ratioE/e‘, mitral flow E wave velocity/lateral annular e‘ wave velocity by TDILat a‘, lateral annular a‘ wave velocity by TDI (cm. sec)Lat e‘, lateral annular e‘ wave velocity by TDI (cm. sec)Left ventricular diastolic functionLeft ventricular systolic functionMVA vel, mitral valve flow A wave velocity (cm. sec)MVAD, mitral valve A wave duration (ms)MVDT, mitral valve deceleration time (ms)MVE vel, mitral valve flow E wave velocity (cm. sec)Sickle cell diseaseTDI, tissue doppler imagingTissue doppler imaginge‘/a‘, e‘ wave/a‘ wave ratio

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