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Basophil function in patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia.

M A Lett-Brown, H S Juneja

    British Journal of Haematology
    |December 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Basophils from chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients show a histamine release defect. CML basophils released significantly less histamine when stimulated by C5a or A23187 compared to normal controls.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Hematology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Basophils play a crucial role in allergic reactions and immune responses.
    • Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm affecting myeloid cells.
    • Altered immune cell function is observed in various hematological malignancies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate histamine release from basophils in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML).
    • To compare the functional response of CML basophils to specific stimuli against normal controls.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation of basophils from six CML patients and seven healthy donors.
    • Stimulation of basophils with rabbit anti-human IgE, anaphylatoxin C5a, and calcium ionophore A23187.
    • Quantification of histamine release from basophils.

    Main Results:

    • No significant difference in histamine release induced by rabbit anti-human IgE between CML and normal basophils.
    • CML basophils exhibited significantly reduced histamine release (<20%) upon challenge with C5a compared to normal basophils (>50%).
    • Basophils from CML donors showed a markedly lower histamine release in the presence of the calcium ionophore A23187.

    Conclusions:

    • Basophils from CML patients possess an intrinsic functional defect in histamine release.
    • This defect is evident upon stimulation with C5a and calcium ionophore A23187, suggesting altered signaling pathways.
    • The findings highlight potential immune dysregulation in CML beyond malignant cell proliferation.

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