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Development of postural balance in foals.

Sandra Nauwelaerts1, Sara R Malone1, Hilary M Clayton1

  • 1McPhail Equine Performance Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.

Veterinary Journal (London, England : 1997)
|November 2, 2013
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Summary

This study tracked foal stability from birth to five months using stabilographic analysis. Foals rapidly improved balance, particularly in the front-to-back direction, indicating developing muscle strength and coordination.

Keywords:
Balance controlCenter of pressureEquinePostural swayStability

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Area of Science:

  • Equine science
  • Biomechanical analysis
  • Animal locomotion

Background:

  • Assessing postural stability is crucial for understanding foal development.
  • Stabilographic analysis provides quantitative measures of balance control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify changes in standing stability in foals from birth to 5 months of age.
  • To correlate stabilographic data with neuromuscular development.

Main Methods:

  • Stabilographic analysis using ground reaction force (GRF) data.
  • Foals were assessed from birth to 5 months, with varying measurement frequencies.
  • Center of pressure (COP) movement variables (amplitude, velocity, frequency) were derived.

Main Results:

  • Craniocaudal (front-to-back) sway amplitude and velocity decreased significantly over time.
  • Mediolateral (side-to-side) sway velocity increased after limbs achieved a vertical posture.
  • COP movement frequency became similar in both directions by 2 months.

Conclusions:

  • Rapid improvements in foal standing stability are linked to enhanced flexor/extensor muscle strength and coordination.
  • Limb splaying at birth reflects immature abductor/adductor muscle control.
  • Stabilographic analysis effectively captures developmental changes in equine balance.