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Related Concept Videos

Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC): Overview01:11

Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC): Overview

6.3K
Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a chromatography technique that separates compounds based on their polarity. TLC typically uses polar silica gel, a form of silicon dioxide, as the stationary phase. The silica gel contains hydroxyl (OH) groups on its surface, which form hydrogen bonds with polar compounds, influencing their adhesion to the stationary phase.
To begin the analysis, a mixture of compounds is spotted on the starting line on the TLC plate using a thin capillary. The bottom of the...
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction01:11

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction

3.2K
High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), formerly referred to as High-pressure liquid chromatography, is a powerful technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in complex mixtures. The term "high pressure" refers to using high pressure to push the liquid mobile phase through the tightly packed columns.
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:
3.2K
Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

3.0K
Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
3.0K
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation00:57

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation

3.1K
High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.
3.1K
Types Of Column Chromatography01:29

Types Of Column Chromatography

10.9K
The stability and compatibility of column material with samples are crucial for efficient purification in chromatographic techniques. Various operating parameters such as pH, temperature, or solvent affect the packing of the column material, thereby determining the purification efficiency. The choice of column material also plays an essential role in deciding the operating parameters and can be modified based on the proteins that need to be purified.
Gel Filtration Chromatography
When the...
10.9K
Chromatography: Introduction01:10

Chromatography: Introduction

6.1K
Chromatography is a technique used to separate compounds based on differences of partitioning between two phases, the stationary phase and the mobile phase.
The phase in which the compounds linger or on which the compounds adsorb is called the stationary phase, whereas the mobile phase is the solvent that carries the solutes to be analyzed. In traditional column chromatography, the mixture flows through the stationary phase, and the compounds partition between the stationary and mobile phases...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Thin-layer Chromatographic TLC Separations and Bioassays of Plant Extracts to Identify Antimicrobial Compounds
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Thin layer chromatography.

Marina Santiago1, Scott Strobel

  • 1Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.

Methods in Enzymology
|November 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Thin layer chromatography (TLC) is a versatile, low-cost method for separating chemical mixtures. Its simplicity, speed, and sensitivity make it valuable across diverse scientific fields for compound isolation and purity assessment.

Keywords:
Detection and visualization of the sampleGas chromatography (GC)High- performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)Mobile phase and stationary phasePaper chromatography (PC)Reverse-phase thin layer chromatography (RP-TLC)Thin layer chromatography (TLC)

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Profiling the Triacylglyceride Contents in Bat Integumentary Lipids by Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry
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Estimating the Yield of Compounds on the TLC Plate via the Blue-LED Illumination Technique
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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Separation Science

Background:

  • Chemical mixture separation is crucial for isolating compounds and assessing purity in various experimental settings.
  • Thin layer chromatography (TLC) offers a simple, cost-effective, and highly sensitive method for achieving these separation goals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the versatility and broad applicability of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) in scientific research and industrial analysis.
  • To provide a foundational understanding of the basic principles and common applications of TLC.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes glass plates coated with a uniform layer of silica gel (SiO2) as the stationary phase.
  • Involves spotting a dissolved sample onto the plate and developing it in a solvent system within a closed chamber.
  • Visualization of separated components is typically achieved using UV light after solvent elution.

Main Results:

  • TLC enables the separation of mixtures into individual chemical components with high sensitivity and reproducibility.
  • The method is adaptable through variations in sorbent, solvent systems, and detection techniques.

Conclusions:

  • TLC is an indispensable technique for qualitative and quantitative analysis in numerous scientific disciplines.
  • Its ease of use, rapid results, and adaptability make it a preferred method for compound isolation and purity determination.