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The brain is the most complex organ in the human body. It consists of four main parts: the cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, and brainstem.
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Updated: May 6, 2026

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain
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Cartography and connectomes.

David C Van Essen1

  • 1Anatomy and Neurobiology Department, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.

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|November 5, 2013
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Significant progress has been made in mapping distinct brain areas and their connections across species. Studies reveal numerous pathways and varying connection strengths, offering insights into brain circuits and behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Brain Mapping
  • Connectomics

Background:

  • The last 25 years have seen substantial advancements in precisely defining distinct cerebral cortical areas.
  • Quantitative analyses in mice and macaques have uncovered a vast network of interareal pathways with diverse connection strengths.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the progress in cerebral cortex parcellation and interareal connectivity studies.
  • To highlight insights gained from human neuroimaging regarding brain circuits and their relation to behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of cortical parcellation studies across species (mice, monkeys, humans).
  • Quantitative assessment of interareal connectivity in animal models.
  • Application of noninvasive neuroimaging techniques (structural and functional connectivity) in humans.

Main Results:

  • Identification of numerous distinct cortical areas in mice, monkeys, and humans.
  • Discovery of a surprisingly high number of pathways and a wide spectrum of connection strengths in animal models.
  • Noninvasive human neuroimaging provides insights into brain circuit variability and its link to behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Cerebral cortex parcellation and connectivity mapping have advanced significantly.
  • Understanding brain circuits requires integrating data from animal models and human neuroimaging.
  • Individual differences in brain connectivity are related to behavioral variations.