Erythrocyte deformability in the fetus, preterm, and term neonate

Deformability of red blood cells (RBC) is an important determinant of microcirculation, of oxygen transport and release to the tissues, and of RBC life span. Deformability of RBC from five fetuses, 20 preterm infants, 20 term neonates, and 20 adults was determined by direct microscopic observation of RBC subjected to shear stresses of 6 to 85 dyn/cm2 using a counter-rotating rheoscope. There was no significant difference in deformability among RBC from the fetuses, the preterm and term neonates, and the adults at any shear stress. More than 95% of fetal, neonatal, and adult RBC were capable of tank-tread motion. Compared to adults, the frequency distribution of RBC deformability was slightly broader in the fetuses and neonates because of the presence of more highly and poorly deformable RBC. The increased number of rigid RBC may contribute to the shortened life span of fetal RBC.