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Updated: May 6, 2026

Comparative Lesions Analysis Through a Targeted Sequencing Approach
Published on: November 5, 2019
Genomic evolution from primary breast carcinoma to distant metastasis: Few copy number changes of breast cancer
Cathy B Moelans1, Petra van der Groep2, Laurien D C Hoefnagel1
1Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
Cancer initiation and progression is characterized by (epi)genetic aberrations. However, little is known about the changes that occur during breast cancer metastasis. In the present study, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification was used to compare copy numbers of 21 established oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes between 55 primary breast cancer samples and corresponding distant metastases. Distant breast cancer metastases generally showed similar gene copy number aberrations compared to their corresponding primary tumors. The few genes that showed differences between primary tumor and metastasis (PRDM14, MED1, CCNE1, TRAF4, MTDH, CDH1) have been implicated in the development of therapy resistance.
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