Phototrophic biodeteriogens on lithoid surfaces: An ecological study

Area of Science:

• * Microbiology
• * Environmental Science
• * Materials Science

Background:

• * Pioneering algal biocoenosis on marble statues are crucial for stone biodeterioration.
• * Understanding the growth requirements and colonization abilities of these organisms is vital for conservation efforts.

Purpose of the Study:

• * To determine the optimal growth conditions (pH, light, temperature) for Pleurococcus CVB4 and Lyngbya CCB2.
• * To assess the colonization potential of these algae on diverse stone lithotypes with varying physical and chemical properties.

Main Methods:

• * Isolation and cultivation of Pleurococcus CVB4 and Lyngbya CCB2 from marble.
• * Growth experiments in selective media under varied pH, light intensity, and temperature.
• * Stone colonization assays on different lithotypes, analyzing surface structure and composition.

Main Results:

• * Pleurococcus demonstrated a higher tolerance to environmental fluctuations compared to Lyngbya.
• * Both organisms showed preferential colonization of stone surfaces, influenced by physical characteristics like roughness and porosity.
• * Environmental factors (pH, temperature, irradiance) also played a significant role in colonization success.

Conclusions:

• * Green alga Pleurococcus exhibits superior adaptability for colonizing stone surfaces.
• * Stone surface physical characteristics are primary drivers for algal colonization, followed by chemical composition and environmental factors.
• * Findings provide insights into biodeterioration mechanisms and potential conservation strategies for marble heritage sites.