Towards extended virtual presence of the therapist in stroke rehabilitation

This paper considers the use of humanoid robots in residential stroke care to facilitate both direct and indirect interaction between clients and therapists. Direct interaction is realized through a humanoid-mediated teletherapy where a therapist assesses the motor function of a patient and provides therapy customized to the individual. During the teletherapy sessions, the therapist uses a simple speech interface to program therapeutic behavior and activity. Indirect interaction is implemented by the therapist-programmed artifact where a humanoid robot delivers therapeutic activities to the stroke patient in the absence of the therapist. We propose that such an approach can amplify the outcome per hour of therapist time. Outcome data from the current study indicate that the therapist can successfully provide customized therapy to individuals in residential settings and warrant further study.