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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

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Olfactory dysfunction in patients with neuromyelitis optica.

Felix Schmidt1, Onder Göktas, Sven Jarius

  • 1Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany ; Clinical and Experimental Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Multiple Sclerosis International
|November 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) patients frequently experience hyposmia (impaired smell). This study found 50% of NMO patients had reduced olfactory function, suggesting it may be a symptom of NMO.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a severe autoimmune central nervous system (CNS) disorder.
  • Primarily affecting optic nerves and spinal cord, NMO may have broader clinical manifestations.
  • Extra-opticospinal involvement is increasingly recognized in NMO.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate olfactory function (OF) in patients with NMO.
  • To compare olfactory function in NMO patients against healthy controls (HC).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized psychophysical testing of orthonasal olfactory function.
  • Employed the Threshold-Discrimination-Identification (TDI) test to assess olfaction qualities.
  • Included 10 unselected NMO patients and 10 healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • 50% of NMO patients exhibited hyposmia, whereas all HC were normosmic.
  • NMO patients demonstrated significantly lower mean TDI scores compared to HC.
  • Poorer performance in discrimination and identification subtests contributed to lower NMO patient scores.

Conclusions:

  • Hyposmia may be an underrecognized clinical feature of NMO.
  • Olfactory dysfunction could be part of the expanding clinical spectrum of NMO.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the link between NMO and olfactory deficits.