Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement01:21

[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement

2.4K
The Cope rearrangement is classified as a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in 1,5-dienes, leading to a more stable, isomeric 1,5-diene. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six electrons, four from two π bonds and two from a σ bond, via an energetically favorable chair-like transition state.
2.4K
Thermal Sigmatropic Reactions: Overview01:16

Thermal Sigmatropic Reactions: Overview

1.6K
Sigmatropic rearrangements are a class of pericyclic reactions in which a σ bond migrates from one part of a π system to another. These are intramolecular rearrangements where the total number of σ and π bonds remain unchanged.
Sigmatropic shifts are classified based on an order term [i, j ], where i and j indicate the number of atoms across which each end of the σ bond migrates. Below are examples of a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in...
1.6K
[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Allyl Vinyl Ethers: Claisen Rearrangement01:24

[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Allyl Vinyl Ethers: Claisen Rearrangement

1.9K
The Claisen rearrangement is a [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement of allyl vinyl ethers to unsaturated carbonyl compounds. The rearrangement is a concerted pericyclic reaction proceeding via a chair-like transition state.
1.9K
Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides01:15

Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides

3.7K
 Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth.  Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the...
3.7K
Responses to Heat and Cold Stress02:45

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

13.5K
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
13.5K
Preparation of Diols and Pinacol Rearrangement01:57

Preparation of Diols and Pinacol Rearrangement

3.2K
Compounds bearing two hydroxyl groups are known as diols. When the hydroxyl groups are located on adjacent carbon atoms, the diols are called vicinal diols or glycols. Under acidic conditions, vicinal diols undergo a specific reaction called pinacol rearrangement.
The reaction begins with transferring a proton from the acid catalyst to one of the hydroxyl groups, producing an oxonium ion.
3.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Technical note: A comparison of alkali treatment methods to improve neutral detergent fiber digestibility of corn stover.

Journal of dairy science·2018
Same author

In-situ Raman microprobe studies of plant cell walls: Macromolecular organization and compositional variability in the secondary wall of Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.

Planta·2013
Same author

Hydrolysis of cellulose using ternary mixtures of purified celluloses.

Applied biochemistry and biotechnology·2008
Same author

Energetics for displacing a single chain from the surface of microcrystalline cellulose into the active site of Acidothermus cellulolyticus Cel5A.

Protein engineering·2004
Same author

Computational and experimental studies of the catalytic mechanism of Thermobifida fusca cellulase Cel6A (E2).

Protein engineering·2003
Same author

Fingerprinting Trichoderma reesei hydrolases in a commercial cellulase preparation.

Applied biochemistry and biotechnology·2002

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Towards Biomimicking Wood: Fabricated Free-standing Films of Nanocellulose, Lignin, and a Synthetic Polycation
11:26

Towards Biomimicking Wood: Fabricated Free-standing Films of Nanocellulose, Lignin, and a Synthetic Polycation

Published on: June 17, 2014

15.9K

Irreversible transformations of native celluloses, upon exposure to elevated temperatures.

R S Atalla1, M F Crowley, M E Himmel

  • 1Cellulose Sciences International, Madison, WI, United States.

Carbohydrate Polymers
|November 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Elevated temperatures during cellulose isolation irreversibly alter its native structure, reducing accessibility. This transformation creates a semi-crystalline character, challenging assumptions about native cellulose properties.

Keywords:
AccessibilityAggregationCellulosesElevatedIrreversibleNativeTemperaturesTransformation

More Related Videos

High-throughput Screening of Recalcitrance Variations in Lignocellulosic Biomass: Total Lignin, Lignin Monomers, and Enzymatic Sugar Release
11:31

High-throughput Screening of Recalcitrance Variations in Lignocellulosic Biomass: Total Lignin, Lignin Monomers, and Enzymatic Sugar Release

Published on: September 15, 2015

9.5K
Techniques for the Evolution of Robust Pentose-fermenting Yeast for Bioconversion of Lignocellulose to Ethanol
14:53

Techniques for the Evolution of Robust Pentose-fermenting Yeast for Bioconversion of Lignocellulose to Ethanol

Published on: October 24, 2016

11.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Towards Biomimicking Wood: Fabricated Free-standing Films of Nanocellulose, Lignin, and a Synthetic Polycation
11:26

Towards Biomimicking Wood: Fabricated Free-standing Films of Nanocellulose, Lignin, and a Synthetic Polycation

Published on: June 17, 2014

15.9K
High-throughput Screening of Recalcitrance Variations in Lignocellulosic Biomass: Total Lignin, Lignin Monomers, and Enzymatic Sugar Release
11:31

High-throughput Screening of Recalcitrance Variations in Lignocellulosic Biomass: Total Lignin, Lignin Monomers, and Enzymatic Sugar Release

Published on: September 15, 2015

9.5K
Techniques for the Evolution of Robust Pentose-fermenting Yeast for Bioconversion of Lignocellulose to Ethanol
14:53

Techniques for the Evolution of Robust Pentose-fermenting Yeast for Bioconversion of Lignocellulose to Ethanol

Published on: October 24, 2016

11.0K

Area of Science:

  • Biopolymer Science
  • Materials Science
  • Plant Cell Wall Research

Background:

  • Cellulose recalcitrance is often attributed to its native aggregated state.
  • Isolation methods may alter cellulose structure, particularly at elevated temperatures.
  • The impact of isolation temperature on cellulose's inherent properties is under-explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of elevated temperatures on isolated cellulose structure and accessibility.
  • To determine if cellulose isolation conditions affect its assumed native state.
  • To characterize the changes in cellulose properties due to thermal treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Deuterium exchange was used to measure the accessibility of reactive sites in cellulose.
  • Cellulose samples were isolated at ambient temperature and subsequently exposed to elevated temperatures.
  • Changes in cellulose structure and accessibility were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Cellulose isolated at ambient temperature showed reduced accessibility to deuterium and probe molecules after thermal treatment.
  • Elevated temperatures during isolation led to irreversible structural transformations.
  • Isolated cellulose developed a polymeric semi-crystalline character.

Conclusions:

  • The assumption that isolated cellulose retains its native state is challenged.
  • Thermal processing significantly impacts cellulose's structural integrity and reactivity.
  • Understanding these transformations is crucial for applications involving cellulose.