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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies
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Tortuous axillary artery aneurysm causing median nerve compression.

Yan Ortiz-Pomales1, Jennifer Smith1, Jeffrey Weiss1

  • 1Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA.

Annals of Vascular Surgery
|November 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Rare axillary artery aneurysms can cause severe neurologic symptoms due to median nerve compression. This case highlights an unusual tortuous aneurysm associated with an unused arteriovenous fistula, emphasizing the need for prompt surgical intervention.

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Axillary artery aneurysms are uncommon vascular lesions requiring surgical management.
  • Potential complications include thrombosis, distal embolization, and neurological deficits, notably median nerve compression.
  • Etiologies range from trauma and repetitive injuries to less common conditions like atherosclerosis, connective tissue disorders, and infections.

Observation:

  • A case of a rare, tortuous axillary artery aneurysm was identified.
  • The aneurysm presented with significant neurological symptoms attributed to median nerve compression.
  • The patient had an unused arteriovenous fistula, an atypical association.

Findings:

  • The tortuous nature of the aneurysm contributed to the compression of the median nerve.
  • The presence of an unused arteriovenous fistula represents a less recognized potential association with axillary artery aneurysms.
  • Surgical intervention is indicated for symptomatic aneurysms to prevent further complications.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering rare etiologies and anatomical variations in axillary artery aneurysms.
  • Prompt diagnosis and surgical repair are crucial for alleviating neurological symptoms and preventing catastrophic vascular events.
  • Further research into the association between arteriovenous fistulas and axillary artery aneurysms may be warranted.